This section lists some binary compounds with halogens (known as halides), oxygen (known as oxides), hydrogen (known as hydrides), and some other compounds of gold. For each compound, a formal oxidation number for gold is given, but the usefulness of this number is limited for p-block elements in particular. Based upon that oxidation number, an electronic configuration is also given but note that for more exotic compounds you should view this as a guide only.

In compounds of gold (where known), the most common oxidation numbers of gold are:

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Silver Description

Silver (Ag), chemical element, a white lustrous metal valued for its decorative beauty and electrical conductivity. Silver is located in Group 11 (Ib) and Period 5 of the periodic table, between copper (Period 4) and gold (Period 6), and its physical and chemical properties are intermediate between those two metals.

Silver Compound Description

For silver the preeminently important oxidation state in all of its ordinary chemistry is the state +1, although the states +2 and +3 are known.

Silver compounds include silver chloride (AgCl), silver bromide (AgBr), and silver iodide (AgI). Each of these salts is used in photography. Silver chloride serves as the light-sensitive material in photographic printing papers and, together with silver bromide, in certain films and plates. The iodide is also used in the manufacture of photographic papers and films, as well as in cloud seeding for artificial rainmaking and in some antiseptics. All three halides are derived from silver nitrate (AgNO3), which is the most important of the inorganic silver salts. Besides these other salts, silver nitrate is also the starting material for the production of the silver cyanide used in silver plating.

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(Formylmethyl)triphenylphosphonium Chloride is a useful Wittig reagent. Used as a reactant for Hydroazidation reactions in preparation of a-azido alcohols, Preparation of prodrug (2-hydroxyamino-vinyl)-triphenyl-phosphonium (HVTP) inhibitor of peroxidase activity and apoptosis and Intramolecular [4 + 3] cycloaddition reactions.

Solubility
Soluble in water.

Notes
Hygroscopic. Store in a cool dry place in tightly closed containers. Store away from the oxidizing agents and water/moisture.

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1530-45-6

(Carbethoxymethyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide

(2-Ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide

(Ethoxycarbonylmethyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide

Carbethoxymethylenetriphenylphosphonium bromide

EINECS 216-230-1

MFCD00011835

NSC 60450

Ethoxycarbonylmethyl(triphenyl)phosphonium Bromide

Phosphonium, (2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)triphenyl-, bromide

Computed Properties

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• Used as a platform for delivery of pro-apoptotic peptides into the mitochondria of tumor cells

Reactant for preparation of:

• Ring skeletons via ring-closing metathesis and double bond migration ring-closing metathesis reactions
• Methyl alkenyl quinolones as antimycobacterial agents
• Prostaglandins and their drug analogs via Gold-catalyzed Meyer-Schuster rearrangement
• Diphenylmethylpiperazines as N-type calcium channel blockers as potential therapeutic agents
• Folate receptor-specific glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFTase) inhibitors with antitumor activity
• Cycloalkylidene alkanols with antileishmanial activity, via Wittig reaction

Synonyms

(4-Carboxybutyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide

17814-85-6

Phosphonium, (4-carboxybutyl)triphenyl-, bromide

4-Carboxybutyl triphenylphosphonium bromide

NSC 147756

MFCD00011906

AK-33771

4-(Carboxybutyl)triphenylphosphonium Bromide

(4-carboxybutyl)-triphenylphosphonium bromide

CARBOXYBUTYLTRIPHENYLPHOSPHONIUM BROMIDE

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Reactant for:
• Free radical 5-exo-dig cyclization
• Intramolecular hydroacylalkoxylation
• Wittig reactions for stereoselective synthesis of alkenes
• Dimerization of α-olefins
• Alkylidenation of hydrazides for synthesis of indoles
• Tandem cyclization and 1,2-thiolate shift of nitrogen ylides

(1-Butyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide Synonyms

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Ruthenium Catalysts Application

Ruthenium-based catalysts are involved in a variety of organic reactions, such as alkylation, allylation, arylation, cyclization, cyclopropanation, hydrogenation, hydroformylation, hydrosilylation, hydroxylation, isomerization, olefin metathesis, oxidation, transfer hydrogenation, tandem reactions, water splitting, etc. Ru-catalysis is effectively exploited in the synthesis of natural and biologically active organic compounds, to access recognized chemotherapeutic agents, supramolecular assemblies, smart materials, specialty polymers, biopolymers, agrochemicals, and, increasingly, in valorization of renewable resources as platform chemicals for polymers.

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Rhodium Catalysts Application

The rhodium catalyst has been shown to be suitable promoter for the activation of C-H bonds, which has emerged as a challenging and attractive tool for catalysis. Rhodium catalysis finds increasing interest in the catalytic dehydrogenative cross-coupling, allowing elegant C-C bond construction. Although palladium has been the metal of choice for most examples, Rh catalysts can be suitable promoters for this activation.

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