What is Food Additive?

Different countries have varying definitions of food additives. The U.S. Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) defines food additives as:

Any substance directly or indirectly added to food that may become part of the food or affect its characteristics (including substances used in production, processing, packaging, transport, or storage), unless the substance is exempt (e.g., GRAS substances or prior-sanctioned substances).

Food additives have the following three characteristics:

• They are added to food and are not usually consumed alone as food.
• They include both synthetic and natural substances.
• They are added to improve food quality, color, flavor, and aroma, or for preservation and processing purposes.

What are The Types of Food Additives?

Different countries classify food additives differently. Below is a classification based on function.

1. Antioxidants

Antioxidants are additives used to delay or prevent food oxidation. They are classified as direct food additives. Their mechanisms vary:

• Some (like vitamin E) are easily oxidized, reacting with oxygen first to protect food.
• Others release hydrogen ions to break down peroxides formed during fat oxidation.
• Some bind to peroxides, interrupting the oxidation process.

2. Preservatives

Preservatives inhibit microbial growth and extend shelf life. They are divided into chemical and natural preservatives.

2.1 Chemical Preservatives are synthetic, strong antimicrobial effects, low cost, but some have usage limits.

2.2 Natural Preservatives are extracted from plants, animals, or microbes. They are safer but costlier.

3. Color Additives

Color additives enhance or restore food color. They are classified as natural or synthetic.

3.1 Natural Colors are safer but less stable, prone to fading.

3.2 Synthetic Colors are vibrant, stable, low-cost, but some may be harmful.

The U.S. primarily uses synthetic colors labeled with FD&C codes (e.g., Red 40, Yellow 5). While controversial, the FDA deems them safe in regulated amounts. Consumers can check labels and opt for natural alternatives.

4. Thickeners

Thickeners improve texture and viscosity, for example, pectin or gelatin in yogurt to prevent whey separation. Natural thickeners are now the industry standard.

5. Flavor Enhancers

Flavor enhancers amplify or improve taste. MSG is the most widely used in the U.S.

Which Are Safe?

The following table summarizes the safety information of the common food additives mentioned in the article.

If you have any requirements for the above-mentioned food additives, please feel free to contact us via email at [email protected] or submit an Inquiry. Stanford Chemicals Company (SCC) will make every effort to provide products that meet your needs.

The post Which Food Additives Are Safe appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

Hyaluronic acid (hyaluronan, HA) is a naturally occurring polymer that is constantly being synthesized and degraded in the human body. It is found predominantly in the extracellular matrix, vitreous humor, and cartilage. A typical 70 kg adult contains about 15 grams of HA, with about 5 grams metabolized and replaced daily. Surprisingly, nearly half of the whole body’s HA can be found within the skin, where its relatively brief half-life is 24 to 48 hours.

Owing to its excellent ability to retain moisture, lubricate, and support tissue repair, hyaluronan has been extensively used in dermatology, joint care, and drug delivery systems. Yet, how exactly is HA broken down and absorbed after ingestion or injection?

Absorption Pathways of Hyaluronic Acid

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a linear polymer that is composed of repeating disaccharide units, and its absorption is also correlated with molecular weight. Research has indicated that low-molecular-weight HA (<50 kDa) would be absorbed by intestinal epithelial cell endocytosis or colonic microbiota degradation. High-molecular-weight HA is degraded by intestinal hyaluronidase to create smaller peptides, which are absorbed into the bloodstream.

Oral hyaluronic acid (HA) is primarily broken down in the intestine by enzymes and gut microflora into short molecular fragments, which are absorbed into the bloodstream. These fragments are able to activate skin and joint cells to increase endogenous HA synthesis, resulting in hydration and joint health benefits.

Fig 1.  The process of food-grade HA being absorbed by the human body [1]

Subcutaneous or intra-articular injection is the most common clinical and medical aesthetic application of HA. As injected HA is deposited inside tissue or fluid in the body, destruction and removal are primarily dependent on local enzymic hydrolysis and lymphatic drainage.

Degradation Mechanisms of Hyaluronic Acid

Molecularly, hyaluronic acid consists of two monosaccharides: N-acetylglucosamine and sodium glucuronate (Figure 2). The disaccharide components are connected linearly by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds. Bond cleavage underlies the depolymerization of HA, depending on enzyme activity and free radical degradation.

Fig 2. Structure of Hyaluronic Acid

(1) Role of Hyaluronidase

Hyaluronidases (such as HYAL1 and HYAL2) are the primary enzymes responsible for the breakdown of HA. They hydrolyze glycosidic bonds preferentially, breaking down HA to smaller oligosaccharides. They are extensively distributed in tissues like skin, liver, and spleen, so that injected HA will be gradually metabolized and eventually eliminated in urine or further broken down.

Fig 3. Degradation Pathways of Hyaluronic Acid

(2) Free Radical Degradation

Besides enzymatic degradation, hyaluronic acid is also degraded by oxidative stress resulting from reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other free radicals. Oxidative stress increases in inflamed or aged tissues, where glycosidic bond cleavage through ROS occurs frequently.

(3) Factors Influencing HA Degradation Rate

The rate at which HA breaks down in the body depends on several key factors:

• Molecular weight: High-molecular-weight HA degrades more slowly than its low-MW counterpart.
• Crosslinking: Chemically crosslinked HA (e.g., in dermal fillers) resists enzymatic breakdown, extending its longevity.
• Injection site: Areas with high blood flow (e.g., lips) metabolize HA faster than low-circulation regions (e.g., joints).
• Individual variability: Age, metabolic rate, and natural hyaluronidase levels all influence degradation speed.

Why Does the Skin Need Hyaluronan Supplementation?

Hyaluronan turnover in the skin is a quiet balance between synthesis and degradation. HA is synthesized by mesenchymal cells via the activity of hyaluronic acid synthases (HAS-1, HAS-2, HAS-3) and is degraded simultaneously by hyaluronidases. With time, this equilibrium is disturbed—degradation is greater than synthesis, leading to a decrease of HA.

To offset this deficit, topical HA skin-care products and injectable dermal fillers are used to restore missing HA and rehydrate and structurally maintain aging skin.

Stanford Chemicals Company (SCC) is a supplier with over 10 years of expertise in hyaluronic acid. If you’d like to learn more about hyaluronic acid or are interested in purchasing sodium hyaluronate powder, please feel free to contact us.

FAQs

1. How does the body absorb hyaluronic acid?

Only the low molecular weight HA molecules (below 50 kDa) are absorbed when taken orally, whereas larger molecules are broken down first. Injected HA stays put until it is slowly broken down by enzymes.

2. What breaks down hyaluronic acid in the body?

Special enzymes called hyaluronidases break down HA naturally. The enzymes cut the HA molecules into pieces that the body can either reuse or eliminate. Active oxygen molecules are also capable of breaking down HA faster, especially in older or inflamed tissue.

3. Why does injected HA persist longer than topical HA?

Injected HA forms a depot under the skin that lasts a long time to weeks to months to be metabolized. Topical HA is only able to penetrate as far as the surface layers and is removed or degraded much faster since it doesn’t deeply penetrate.

4. Why does HA degrade more rapidly?

HA is degraded faster in highly mobile tissues (like lips), in younger people who possess more active enzymes, and in inflamed tissue in where oxygen radicals and enzymes increase. Crosslinked HA, which is used in fillers, breaks down more slowly than native HA.

5. Do you slow the degradation of HA?

Yes. Avoiding excessive sun exposure, avoiding smoking, and using antioxidants (like vitamin C) can safeguard HA.

6. Why do we need to replace HA as we age?

Our own bodies make less HA and degrade it more rapidly after about age 25. This causes drying skin and crunchier joints. HA added to treatments or skincare replenishes this natural loss.

7. Is broken-down HA poisonous?

No. The body either recycles the small pieces of HA or simply expels them harmlessly.

Yes. Exercise in moderation increases HA production in joints, but extremely intense exercise can increase inflammation and HA breakdown in the short term.

[1] Xueli Zheng, Botao Wang, Xin Tang, Bingyong Mao, Qiuxiang Zhang, Tianmeng Zhang, Jianxin Zhao, Shumao Cui, Wei Chen, Absorption, metabolism, and functions of hyaluronic acid and its therapeutic prospects in combination with microorganisms: A review, Carbohydrate Polymers, Volume 299, 2023, 120153, ISSN 0144-8617, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120153.

The post How Hyaluronic Acid is Absorbed and Degraded in the Human Body appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

Notably, this product has been certified by the FDA, ISO9001, ISO22000, KOSHER, and HALAL, which proves that it adheres to the highest global standards for pet foods. This is a testament to SCC’s zeal to strive for scientific innovation, but at the same time, not forget practicality.

Case Study: Ferric Ammonium Citrate with 20.5-22.5% Iron to Meet Customer Needs

The Challenge: Higher Iron Content Than Market Standards

Food additive commercial brown ferric ammonium citrate usually has an iron content of 16.5% to 22.5%. It is a mild iron fortifier and is superior in safety and palatability. A manufacturer of pet feeds approached us for raw material of higher iron concentration (20.5-22.5%). The higher iron concentration will allow more iron to be supplied at the same dosage rate, thus being more appropriate for premium product production.

SCC’s Solution: Ferric Ammonium Citrate with 20.5-22.5% Iron

To meet the desired iron content, we improved the process of crystallization to eliminate moisture and impurities. Each batch of production was tested for iron content certification, as well as final quality check before dispatch. The product was thoroughly checked to ensure compliance with FDA regulations, ISO 9001/22000 quality systems, and KOSHER/HALAL certification.

Results: Meeting Customer Expectations

The optimized ferric ammonium citrate consistently hit the target iron content range and showed better stability. This third-party certified product is a source of a high-iron ingredient for pet food processors with rigorous standards of quality ensured by total documentation, such as Certificates of Analysis (CoA) and quality management certifications.

* If you’re seeking high-purity food additive ingredients, consult SCC for customized solutions.

What is Ferric Ammonium Citrate?

Ferric ammonium citrate is a compound formed by the reaction of citric acid, iron ions, and ammonia, belonging to the category of organic iron. It is basically an iron supplement of chemical synthesis origin that has widespread usage in the food industry as well as the pharmaceutical industry.

Ferric ammonium citrate is typically classified into two grades based on iron content and application: brown ferric ammonium citrate and green ferric ammonium citrate. Their iron content requirements are as follows:

1. Brown Ferric Ammonium Citrate: Also known as Ammonium Iron (III) Citrate, usually 16.5%~18.5% iron content, with the chemical formula C₉H₁₁FeN₂O₈·2H₂O. Specifications for food-grade reddish-brown ferric ammonium citrate require an iron content between 16.5% and 22.5%.

• Characteristics:Contains trivalent iron (Fe³⁺), appears reddish-brown or brownish-red, and is highly soluble in water.
• Applications:Primarily used in medical iron supplements and food additives.

2. Green Ferric Ammonium Citrate: Usually 14.5%~16.0% iron content.

• Characteristics:Contains some divalent iron (Fe²⁺), appears green or bluish-green, and is highly photosensitive.
• Applications:Mainly used in photosensitive materials (e.g., blueprint paper) and laboratory reagents.

What Are the Benefits of Ferric Ammonium Citrate?

The primary benefit of ferric ammonium citrate is its iron-supplementing function. Iron is an essential trace element, and it plays a crucial role in hemoglobin production, oxygen transportation, and the metabolism of cells. When you frequently experience fatigue, dizziness, or pale complexion, this may be a sign of iron-deficiency anemia. When this happens, ferric ammonium citrate proves to be very effective. Given this functional advantage, ferric ammonium citrate has also been used as a fortification agent in cereals, infant formula, and various nutritional products to enhance their iron content.

Beyond iron supplementation, it offers other benefits:

• Antioxidant Properties:It can delay fat oxidation in certain foods, extending shelf life.
• Color Enhancement:In some cured foods, it helps maintain a red appearance, making the product more visually appealing.

How Does Ferric Ammonium Citrate Compare to Other Iron Salts?

In addition to ferric ammonium citrate, other common iron supplements include ferrous sulfate, ferrous gluconate, and amino acid-chelated iron. How does ferric ammonium citrate compare? Below is a comparison of these four iron salts in terms of bioavailability, gastrointestinal irritation, stability, and price:

From the table, we can see the advantages of ferric ammonium citrate:

1. High Absorption Rate: As a highly soluble iron salt, ferric ammonium citrate is marked by extremely high bioavailability within the human body. With rates of absorption reaching up to 90%, it is transformed more efficiently into biologically active iron for physiological use.
2. Gentle on Digestion: Compared with ferrous sulfate, ferric ammonium citrate causes minimal gastrointestinal irritation, being more tolerant in the gut. This makes it particularly suited for individuals prone to GI upset from iron supplements.
3. Oxidation Resistance: The product exhibits superior oxidative stability under room conditions. Not only does this promote shelf life, but it also retains potency even when air is exposed during use, inhibiting active ingredients from breaking down.

Is Ferric Ammonium Citrate Safe?

As a synthetic compound used in food applications, safety is crucial. Ferric ammonium citrate has received safety approval from major food regulatory authorities including the FDA and EFSA. This certification ensures its safe use both as a dietary supplement and nutritional additive. However, excessive iron intake causes side effects ranging from upset stomach, diarrhea, or even iron poisoning. It should therefore be consumed within the appropriate recommended dosages.

The post Case Study: SCC Supplies Ferric Ammonium Citrate with 20.5-22.5% Iron Content appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement is a regulatory system that gives guideline to the procurement of defense sector government. It is an extension of overall federal regulation on procurement. The supplement has strict product and services specifications. It encompasses a large umbrella of suppliers. These are companies that offer equipment, technology, and other services to the government. The guidelines encourage equal contracts and proper spending of the tax dollar.

This set of rules guarantees safety and reliability. It creates binding supplier requirements. Its simplicity can be used by small stores and even large companies. Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement is a shield that maintains the integrity and equity of government contracting.

Why is DFARS Important?

The importance of the DFARS is that it is an excellent guide to the procurement of defense. It makes all the contracts open and equitable. The regulations protect public funds by imposing strict policies at the time of acquisition. The regulations are an insurance against errors and oversights.

It is utilized in national defense support. By requiring high standards, the supplement decreases risk within the supply chain. Increased procurement trust guarantees that only trustworthy products and services are used under defense contracts. This open exposure also makes the process predictable for vendors and the government. Organizations know what they need, and the government knows how to quantify risk.

Who does the DFARS Affect?

Many people and businesses are affected by the DFARS. Government agencies must acquire defense products based on these regulations. Contractors must comply with the rules by part suppliers, technology suppliers, or service suppliers. The supplement covers nearly every step of the procurement process.

For instance, the same requirements have to be met by the firms handling military equipment, software, or cybersecurity. Even those handling non-classified but sensitive data come under its jurisdiction. It encompasses small firms and big corporations also. In short, anyone who’s trying to be a part of defense projects is required to comply with these standards.

Military Equipment

The military hardware is one of the main areas the DFARS oversees. Communication hardware, armored tanks, and aircraft components are all subject to it. As factories make these products, they must be able to prove that every component meets secured standards. History shows that high evaluations reduce risk in missions.

Technology and Cybersecurity

Technology and cybersecurity are the pillars of national defense in today’s world. The DFARS sets worthwhile guidelines for electronic security measures and technical products. The technology vendors are mandated to provide evidence that their products are secure and robust. The regulations mandate elaborate plans to counter cyber threats.

Simple illustrations are computer systems used in secure communication and defense asset management. Organizations must elucidate how they protect networks from penetration. Ongoing audits and upgrading of systems are key compliance factors. There are many examples where compliance to these standards has reduced cybersecurity breaches. This is to maintain robust and secure digital platforms that are required for contemporary defense operations.

Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI)

Controlled Unclassified Information is a sensitive form of information that does not have full classification status but still requires to be handled with care. Rules for handling such information are properly outlined by the Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement. In most cases, misuse of controlled unclassified information has posed issues. With proper regulations, companies learn how to secure and store information safely.

Practical measures are controlled access storage and strict information-sharing procedures. The majority of companies are now well aware of the need for these measures to avoid vulnerabilities. Rules allow easy management of sensitive information. Provided these rules are followed, information moves securely and smoothly, with operational integrity being preserved.

Conclusion

The DFARS is a significant regulation aimed at strengthening defense procurement. Its standards apply to goods, services, and materials. The regulations maintain fairness, protect public funds, and defend national interests. Contractors and vendors must align their practices to these apparent rules. The supplement is geared towards reducing risk in military gear, technology, and the transmission of sensitive information. For additional details, go to Stanford Chemicals Company (SCC).

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1. Who is required to comply with the Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement regulations?

A1. Contractors, government organizations, and all defense contractors are required to comply with these regulations.

Q2. What does the DFARS regulate?

A2. It regulates acquisition of military commodities, services, and material with strict regulations.

Q3. How does the DFARS improve cybersecurity?

A3. It adopts strict stipulations which make technology systems safe and less susceptible to cyberattacks.

The post What Is DFARS: Goods, Services, & Materials appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

What Is Hyaluronic Acid?

First, tell us about this favorite ingredient. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is an acidic mucopolysaccharide, first found and isolated from the cow eye’s vitreous humour. The naturally occurring agent can be seen in the human body, mostly in eyes, knee joint synovial fluid, and skin. HA is crucial in maintaining hydration of the skin, lubricating joints, regulating blood vessel permeability, and healing wounds. As a result of these uses, it is extensively used in skincare, joint therapy, eye drops, and pharmaceuticals.

Why Is Hyaluronic Acid Important?

Research shows that as people age, their ability to produce HA declines. For example, if the level of hyaluronic acid in a 20-year-old is taken as 100%, at the age of 60, it reduces to merely 25%. Not just limited to skin aging and wrinkle formation, but the reduction of hyaluronic acid is also related to age-related changes and conditions in joints, blood vessels, heart, eyes, and brain.[i]

Fig 1. Hyaluronic acid is lost with age

Does Food-grade Hyaluronic Acid Really Benefit Health?

The million-dollar question is whether food-grade hyaluronic acid can be absorbed and utilized by the body. Scientists have diligently endeavored to research this.

One of these studies was carried out by the Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center at Massachusetts General Hospital, which is associated with Harvard Medical School. In their study, they analyzed how food-grade hyaluronic acid affects gastrointestinal health. The findings revealed that hyaluronic acid is good for gut health in various ways.[ii]

1. Reducing Intestinal Inflammation & Supporting Gut Health

Hyaluronic acid reduces intestinal inflammation and promotes overall gut health. In the study, mice pre-treated with HA were seen to be protected against colon damage and inflammation induced by Citrobacter rodentium. The mice were also seen to have reduced symptoms of weight loss, rectal bleeding, and diarrhea.

2. Increasing Gut Microbiome Diversity

Mice that received HA exhibited a significant rise in the Simpson Diversity Index, indicating a more diverse and healthier gut microbial population.

3. Strengthening the Gut Barrier Function

Hyaluronic acid improves gut barrier function. The intestinal mucus layer, composed of mucin MUC2 from goblet cells and water and inorganic salts, is a vital protective barrier. Research showed that oral HA augmented goblet cell count and enhanced mucin secretion, thereby enhancing the protection of the gut against infection and injury.

Additional Benefits of Oral Hyaluronic Acid

In addition to gut health, oral hyaluronic acid has also been shown to hydrate skin and reverse aging. A 2017 clinical trial in the Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine followed 20 healthy women aged 45 to 60 who took HA daily for 40 days.[iii] Skin assessments conducted before, during, and after the trial revealed noticeable improvements in elasticity and hydration, along with reductions in roughness and wrinkle depth.

Hyaluronic acid also supports joint health. While HA injections are commonly used to treat osteoarthritis, oral HA has demonstrated positive effects as well. A 2020 study by Hokkaido University, published in the European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, explored how high-molecular-weight HA is broken down by gut microbes into smaller, absorbable fragments. These fragments then enter the lymphatic system and bloodstream, delivering HA to organs and tissues that need it.

Fig 2. The process of food-grade HA being absorbed by the human body[iv]

Conclusion

A number of reputable studies have confirmed that oral HA is not only absorbed by the body but also produces concrete health benefits. With foods containing HA gaining popularity, increasing numbers of consumers are stepping forward with visible positive differences in their skin and overall health. The evidence suggests that the dietary intake of food-grade hyaluronic acid can be a valuable addition to good health and combating the signs of aging.

* Free samples are available. For pricing inquiries, please contact us for a quote: Get A Quote.

[[i]] Feng Ning, Shi Yanli, Guo Fengxian, Guo Xueping. Study on the improvement of skin moisture and antioxidant effect of oral hyaluronic acid in vivo[J]. Food and Drug, 2016, 18(6): 386-390

[[ii]] Mao T, Su CW, Ji Q, Chen CY, Wang R, Vijaya Kumar D, Lan J, Jiao L, Shi HN. Hyaluronan-induced alterations of the gut microbiome protects mice against Citrobacter rodentium infection and intestinal inflammation. Gut Microbes. 2021 Jan-Dec;13(1):1972757. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1972757. PMID: 34592891; PMCID: PMC8489935.

[[iii]] Göllner I, Voss W, von Hehn U, Kammerer S. Ingestion of an Oral Hyaluronan Solution Improves Skin Hydration, Wrinkle Reduction, Elasticity, and Skin Roughness: Results of a Clinical Study. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med. 2017 Oct;22(4):816-823. doi: 10.1177/2156587217743640. Epub 2017 Dec 4. PMID: 29228816; PMCID: PMC5871318.

[[iv]] Xueli Zheng, Botao Wang, Xin Tang, Bingyong Mao, Qiuxiang Zhang, Tianmeng Zhang, Jianxin Zhao, Shumao Cui, Wei Chen, Absorption, metabolism, and functions of hyaluronic acid and its therapeutic prospects in combination with microorganisms: A review, Carbohydrate Polymers, Volume 299, 2023, 120153, ISSN 0144-8617, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120153.

The post Is Food-Grade Hyaluronic Acid Really Useful for Health? appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

What Is Hyaluronic Acid

Hyaluronic acid is an essential substance between cells that occurs in high concentrations in the skin and joints. It has an amazing water-holding capacity—1 gram of hyaluronic acid contains approximately 1,000 times its own weight of water. Due to its typical molecular structure and physicochemical properties, it performs many vital physiological activities in the body. For example, hyaluronic acid used for cosmetic injection can be used for filling shallow depressions or defects on the face, which has a beautifying effect. This compound is also metabolized and absorbed by the body cells without depositing residual residues behind, which makes it highly demanded in the cosmetic industry.

Why Can Hyaluronic Acid be Used in Shampoo

To comprehend this question, let us first look at the structure of hair, as depicted in Figure 1. Human hair can be considered a slender biological fiber, with three principal layers from outside to inside. The first and outermost layer is the cuticle, which encloses and covers the fiber as tiles enclose a roof, protecting it against external damage. It determines the hair’s shine and texture. Healthily coated cuticles are piled neatly upon one another, actually locking in moisture and reflecting light. The mid-layer is the cortex, which accounts for 75%-90% of the weight of the hair. It consists of tightly packed keratin fibers and pigment granules, giving hair its elasticity, strength, and color. The inner layer is the medulla, made up of loose, open cells, more visible in thicker hair. Hair also contains minute traces of zinc and other metals, vitamins, and approximately 10% water.

Figure 1. The structure of hair

This unique hair structure provides an ideal environment for hyaluronic acid to work its magic. While the tile-like cuticle protects the hair shaft, the gaps in the cuticle allow small hyaluronic acid molecules into the cortex. On the other hand, larger molecules adhere to the surface of the cuticle, forming an open hydrating film.

How Does Hyaluronic Acid Improve Hair Health

Hyaluronic acid can form a thin film on the hair surface, providing moisturizing, lubricating, protective, and anti-static effects.

1. Deep hydration, reducing dryness and frizz

The main composition of hair is keratin, and it is sensitive to moisture. Dehydration causes hair to be dry and brittle due to raised cuticles. Hyaluronic acid absorbs moisture from the air and forms a moisturizing film on the hair surface that softens and shines hair.

2. Repairing damaged hair

Perming, heat styling, exposure to UV rays, and coloring can compromise the cuticle of the hair and cause hollowing of the strands. Small hyaluronic acid molecules penetrate deep into the hair shaft, filling in damaged areas and bolstering elasticity and resilience.

3. Reducing static and improving smoothness

In dry conditions, hair gets easily entangled under static due to friction, hence combing becomes difficult. The moisturizing effect of hyaluronic acid prevents static buildup, rendering hair smooth for detangling and minimizing damage caused by yanking.

Different molecular weights yield different effects.

High-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid is more viscous in texture, contains more cross-linking bonds, and provides filling and styling benefits. To hair, it protects the strands by forming a flexible, hydrating film that enhances moisture and shine.

Low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid is watery and distributable. It penetrates deep into the hair shaft, providing intense moisturizing and conditioning to dry and damaged hair.

High vs Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid for Hair:

Moreover, applying hyaluronic acid to the hair roots can promote thicker hair growth by supplying the scalp with essential nutrients and moisture.

Stanford Chemicals Company (SCC) supplies high, medium, and low molecular weight hyaluronic acid for use as shampoo ingredients. Samples and favorable pricing are available. For inquiries, please contact our specialists: Get A Quote.

The post What Are the Benefits of Hyaluronic Acid for Hair in Shampoo appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

Why Use Hyaluronic Acid for Pets

Pets are like family, and their health is a top priority for us. Hyaluronic acid plays a role in pet health through various aspects, for example, skin, coat, eyes, and joint care. Therefore, it has become an extremely competitive product within the pet market.

–Benefits of Hyaluronic Acid for Pets

HA is known for its moisturizing, lubricating, and wound-healing properties—benefits that also apply to pets. So, how hyaluronic acid helps your dog stay healthy?

1. HA Relieves Dry Skin and Itching, Improving Coat Health

HA can hold 1,000 times its weight in water and form a hydrating film on the skin to prevent moisture loss. Skin and fur of animals are highly sensitive to environmental factors, i.e., dry weather in winter, pollen, and dust mites, that lead to itching. Hyaluronic acid not only moistures but also lowers inflammation and calming of the skin, easing redness and scratching from skin disease.

2. HA Lubricates Joints, Easing Degenerative Joint Issues

Worried your pet will be less active as he ages or as he gains weight? Hyaluronic acid can help. HA is one of the principal components of joint synovial fluid and is used medicinally in joint injections. The fluid lubricates joints, keeps cartilage healthy, and allows for smooth movement.

3. HA Accelerates Wound Healing in Pets

HA stimulates cell regeneration and decreases inflammation around wounds. In a feline skin wound study, those treated with HA gel healed 30% more rapidly than with standard treatments, with less scarring.

— Related Research

These findings have been backed by research.

In 2019, a police dog research institute conducted a study where dogs were fed a basic diet supplemented with hyaluronic acid twice daily. At 24 weeks, the results were that supplementing with 0.03% HA significantly reduced arthritis symptoms, and the 0.09% dose meant even more exaggerated improvements in hip arthritis. HA improved hydration of the skin and health of the skin, and it nourished hair follicles to create a smoother and brighter coat, stated the study.

Key Applications in the Pet Hyaluronic Acid Market

The HA market for pet animals is segmented geographically into eye health, skin health, and joint health. According to the International Veterinary Academy of Pain Management, over 35% of older dogs and 20% of adult cats have osteoarthritis. Given this, joint health holds the largest market share. At the same time, owing to its capacity to lubricate joint spaces and reduce inflammation, HA is extremely popular in this market.

Skin and coat health is another major application, with HA used in pet shampoos, conditioners, and skincare products to enhance hydration and elasticity. Eye health is also a growing segment, with sodium hyaluronate incorporated into eye drops and ointments to treat dry eye and other ocular conditions.

How Hyaluronic Acid Helps Your Dog Stay Healthy

1. Oral Supplements

Oral HA can be taken up into the skin of a dog, synovial fluid, cartilage, and bone, according to research. Most pet food and supplement products are already formulated with HA, often combined with glucosamine and chondroitin in joint support products. Supply forms include chewable tablets, powders, and liquids—chewables for well pets with no swallowing issue, and powders/liquids for tiny pets or pets with an eating problem. In Europe, HA is added as a standard ingredient to racehorse, working dog, and show dog supplements, directed at joint maintenance and coat well-being.

2. Topical Products

HA-containing gels, sprays, and creams may be applied to the skin in areas where the skin is dry or inflamed. HA eye drops are also marketed under professional veterinary supervision in dry or irritable eyes of animals.

3. HA Injections

For worse cases of arthritis in dogs, oral supplements may not be enough. For these patients, HA injections deliver large doses directly into the joints, providing immediate relief from pain and swelling.

Stanford Chemical Company (SCC) is at the forefront of HA powder development. We offer injectable grade, food grade, cosmetic grade and medical grade sodium hyaluronate powder. For more information about these HAs, please check out our homepage.

People Also Ask

1. Is hyaluronic acid safe for pets?

Yes, hyaluronic acid is used safely in pets provided it is administered appropriately. It’s a natural component within the body, utilized to keep joints lubricated and skin hydrated.

2. What animals are appropriate for hyaluronic acid?

Dogs, cats, and horses, especially older animals or animals with joint disease, dry skin, or eye disease (e.g., dry eye), may be treated with hyaluronic acid.

3. Do side effects of hyaluronic acid occur in dogs?

Side effects are rare but may involve mild gastrointestinal upset if given by mouth or mild irritation at sites of injection.

4. Can I give my pet human hyaluronic acid products?

No, pet foods may contain additives, preservatives, or flavorings that are poisonous to animals.

5. How is hyaluronic acid helpful for dogs?

It makes the joints lubricated, moisturizes the skin, accelerates wound healing, and supports ocular health by hydrating the tear film. Some studies suggest it may even suppress inflammation.

6. What is the appropriate dosage of hyaluronic acid for my dog?

Dosage varies by the weight of the dog and the type of product. Normal oral supplements are 5–20 mg every 10 lbs of body weight per day, but follow the instructions on the package or your veterinarian’s advice. For injections or eye drops, rigid dosing by a veterinarian is necessary.

Reference

1. What Are the Benefits of Hyaluronic Acid for Horse Health
2. Substances and Supplements for Joint Health
3. Hyaluronic Acid VS. Glucosamine VS. Chondroitin: Which Is Best for Joints?

The post Hyaluronic Acid for Dogs, the Emerging Market of HA appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

Dihydromyricetin benefits

Functional Beverages

Dihydromyricetin first gained public attention due to its hangover relief and liver protection activity. Studies indicate that DHM allows for ethanol metabolism, enhances the alcohol tolerance of the liver, and diminishes alcohol-induced nervous system suppression. Various animal studies and initial human trials have proven that DHM effectively cures post-alcohol discomfort like dizziness and nausea. Due to these benefits, it has been utilized heavily within the hangover relief supplement market. Beverage companies are also incorporating DHM into functional beverages such as low-sugar beverages promoted for liver protection or sobering effects, which are gaining popularity with younger consumers.

Beverages on the market with DHM as an added ingredient

Aside from alcohol detoxification, DHM’s antioxidant activity more than ten times that of vitamin C, allows it to neutralize free radicals and postpone fatigue. For this reason, some companies incorporate DHM into their products to increase energy-boosting and anti-fatigue effects.

Dairy Products

Dihydromyricetin is gradually finding its way into the dairy industry. Dairy products, with their nutritional advantage, are ideal carriers of functional molecules. Blending DHM with yogurt, apart from increasing the antioxidant activity of the yogurt, imparts hepatoprotective activity as well. In one study, researchers fortified fermented milk with DHM and saw that it was stable under refrigerated storage, showed no loss of flavor quality, and even increased probiotic activity. Such DHM-enriched functional yogurt can be a novel health-oriented dairy food suitable for the elderly or frequent alcohol consumers.

Animal Feed

As a green additive, Dihydromyricetin is becoming a promising option for animal feed. DHM increases the immunity of animals, speeds up growth, and improves feed conversion rate. In a trial with chickens, researchers added DHM to their basal diet. Results showed that supplementation of 0.05% DHM greatly improved feed consumption and body weight along with the initial-stage feed-to-meat ratio. Anti-inflammatory effects and antioxidant properties of DHM also enhance animal liver function and the immune system to reduce the occurrence of toxin-induced feed-induced liver damage.

Food Preservation

Antioxidant activity of dihydromyricetin has applications in food preservation. Lipid peroxidation is one of the major causes of food spoilage, particularly in cooked meat, baked foods, and fried foods, where it affects taste and safety. Research indicates DHM inhibits lipid oxidation significantly and possesses antimicrobial activity. Some meat companies already use low levels of DHM in sausages, ham, and the like to reduce preservatives and add shelf life. This process of natural preservation is more consistent with consumer needs.

Opportunities and Challenges

With the growing popularity of the clean label concept, consumers increasingly favor products with natural, safe ingredients. As a plant-extracted ingredient, dihydromyricetin labeling has built-in glamour, fitting the era. In fruit-vegetable beverages or sugar-free foods, DHM is commonly used to enhance antioxidant functionality, offering product stability, as well as enhancing brands’ natural and healthy image.

Dihydromyricetin is limited by some technical difficulties in practical applications. For example, its low water solubility and bitter taste need to be managed with careful formulation. Fortunately, researchers have explored a variety of solutions to improve its solubility.

Solutions to Improve Solubility and Bioavailability of Dihydromyricetin

Conclusion

From beverages and dairy to animal feed and food preservation, Dihydromyricetin offers a natural, safe profile with diverse health benefits. As extraction technology advances and regulatory bodies tighten standards, DHM will have a greater place in the functional food industry.

Stanford Chemical Company (SCC) is a premium supplier of hyaluronic acid and herbal extracts. We offer Dihydromyricetin and Food-grade Pure HA Powder. For more information on these products or specific applications, please contact us and check out our home pages.

The post Applications of Dihydromyricetin in Functional Foods appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

What is Hyaluronic Acid

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a natural glycosaminoglycan that occurs in connective tissue, skin, joint fluid, and the eye. HA has extremely high water-holding capabilities, allowing it to retain and bind an enormous amount of water. For this reason, hyaluronic acid occurs in cosmetics to provide moisture. In addition, HA serves lubricating and repairing functions and is used extensively in joint lubrication and cellular repair.

Benefits and Uses of Hyaluronic Acid:

• Moisturizing: HA can hold between thousands of times its own weight in water, greatly enhancing skin hydration and erasing fine lines and wrinkles.
• Joint Lubrication: HA is utilized as a joint lubricant, reducing friction, joint pain, and improving joint function in patients with arthritis.
• Tissue Repair Stimulation: HA accelerates cell regeneration and tissue repair, wound healing, and scarring prevention.
• Ophthalmic Applications: In ophthalmic surgeries such as cataract surgery, HA is being used as a viscoelastic substance for supporting intraocular structures and protecting eye tissue.

What is Hyaluronic Acid Powder

Hyaluronic acid powder is the solid form of hyaluronic acid obtained through a drying process, typically supplied as a fine powder.

Fig 1. Pure Injection-Grade Sodium Hyaluronate Powder

How is Hyaluronic Acid Powder Produced in Industry

Hyaluronic acid has been classically obtained from animal tissues, specifically chicken combs or sturgeon bladders. With advancements in technology, biological fermentation, especially bacterial fermentation, has become the mainstream industrial method. This method is safer and more environmentally friendly compared to animal extraction.

Reference: How is Sodium Hyaluronate Powder Made

The majority of applications require the purity of sodium hyaluronate to be high, such as injection in medical or joint usage. Therefore, after extraction, hyaluronic acid undergoes a series of purification processes. Filtration and centrifugation are included to remove impurities and unwanted compounds.

The purified hyaluronic acid is typically concentrated by evaporation or other processes. The concentrated solution of HA can be further adjusted to the desired concentration.

To transform it into powder, the concentrated solution is dried. Spray drying and freeze-drying are commonly employed. Spray drying uses hot air to evaporate the liquid rapidly into powder, while freeze-drying evaporates the water at a low temperature to maintain the activity of the hyaluronic acid. The dried hyaluronic acid exists in the form of fine particles, which are sieved and filled into HA powder.

Advantages of Powder Form vs Other Forms

In addition to the powder form, hyaluronic acid is also available in liquid and gel forms. Compared to these, hyaluronic acid powder has a longer shelf life, higher stability, and is more convenient for storage and transportation.

Table 1. Powder Form vs Liquid Form vs Gel Form

How to Use Hyaluronic Acid Powder

When using hyaluronic acid powder, solubility and concentration are key factors that directly impact the final result.

Solubility

Hyaluronic acid in a dry state cannot carry out its intended actions. HA needs to be dissolved in order to form a gel-like network where it exhibits moisturizing, lubricating, and other effects. The powder is to be dissolved in a proper amount of solvents to prepare the required concentration solution or gel. Dissolution method matters for achieving the desired effect. Inadequate dissolution may lead to undissolved particles, affecting both user experience and effectiveness.

It should be noted that the solubility of HA varies in various solvents. HA is freely soluble in water and moderately soluble in glycerol, but has very poor solubility in oils, ethanol, methanol, and alcohol.

Table 2: Optimal Conditions for Dissolving Hyaluronic Acid in Different Solvents

In addition, temperature, pH, stirring, and time affect HA dissolution. For detailed instructions, please see my previous article: Solubility of Sodium Hyaluronate in Different Solvents and Its Influencing Factors

Tips for Dissolution:

1. Use the solution as soon as possible after dissolving to avoid excessive exposure to air, which can cause bacterial growth or breakdown of active ingredients.
2. Precipitation or clumping upon dissolution can be due to water that is too hot or of poor quality. Change the ratio and water temperature if this occurs.

Concentration

Concentration is also important when using hyaluronic acid (HA) powder. The concentration affects HA’s effectiveness, feel, how long it lasts, and where it can be used.

How Concentration Affects Effectiveness

Different HA concentrations work for different needs. Low concentrations (0.1%-0.5%) are good for daily skincare, while high concentrations (1%-2%) are used for anti-aging treatments or medical injections, like joint lubrication and eye treatments.

Controlling concentration helps HA work better. Higher concentrations give stronger hydration and repair but may feel sticky. But too high can cause discomfort. Too low may not provide enough moisture or repair.

How to Control Concentration

The key to controlling hyaluronic acid concentration is accurately calculating the ratio of powder to solvent. For example, to create a 1% hyaluronic acid solution, you would dissolve 1g of hyaluronic acid powder in 100ml of water. You can adjust the amount of powder based on your specific needs. For oral supplements, lower concentrations (0.1%-0.5%) are typically used, while medical treatments use higher concentrations (1%-2%) for more pronounced effects.

Conclusion

Hyaluronic acid powder offers versatility and stability, making it an excellent option for a variety of applications, from skincare to medical uses. By controlling solubility and concentration, you can tailor the powder to meet specific needs, ensuring effective and safe use.

Stanford Chemical Company (SCC) is a professional hyaluronic acid (HA) powder supplier.

SCC provides high-purity, high-quality, and safe sodium hyaluronate powder, including:

• Food-grade
• Cosmetic-grade
• Medical-grade
• Injection-grade

All SCC hyaluronic acid products are produced through bacterial fermentation, ensuring safety and reliability.

The post What is Hyaluronic Acid Powder? Benefits and Usage appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

Classification by Application: 4 Types of Sodium Hyaluronate

Depending on their uses, sodium hyaluronate can be divided into four grades: Medical Grade, Cosmetic Grade, Food Grade, and Injection Grade.

Medical Grade HA

For the pharmaceutical industry, hyaluronic acid is used primarily for ophthalmic surgery, orthopedic injections, wound dressings, and drug delivery systems. Medical-grade HA is subjected to very strict purity and molecular weight distribution requirements, generally needing to comply with pharmacopeial criteria and low endotoxin levels. Each application may have different molecular weight requirements. This article provides a detailed introduction: Medical-Grade Hyaluronic Acid: From Ophthalmic to Multidisciplinary Therapeutic Agent

Cosmetic Grade HA

The cosmetics industry utilizes hyaluronic acid due to its moisturizing and anti-aging effects. It is found in creams, serums, and injectable fillers. Cosmetics-grade sodium hyaluronate typically varies in molecular weight to provide a balance between skin permeability and moisturization. Lower molecular weights can penetrate deeper into the skin, enhancing internal moisturizing effects. Higher molecular weights form a protective layer on the skin’s surface to lock in moisture.

Food Grade HA

In food, sodium hyaluronate is used as a food additive and dietary supplement due to its health effects. Detailed benefits can be found below: What Are the Benefits of Food-Grade Hyaluronic Acid. Since it is taken orally, food-grade hyaluronic acid must meet high purity standards. It is also usually produced at lower molecular weights for absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.

Injection Grade HA

Sodium hyaluronate injection grade is used mainly for intra-articular injections and medical aesthetics. Both these applications require rigorous molecular weight specifications to ensure stability, longevity, and biocompatibility.

Molecular Weight Determines the Uses of Sodium Hyaluronate

Molecular weight of sodium hyaluronate plays a critical role in determining its physical and biological properties, which subsequently decides its applications.

Viscosity and Moisturizing Capacity

Higher molecular weight hyaluronic acid has higher viscosity and higher moisturizing capacity. It is therefore used in medical-grade applications requiring long-term lubrication and support. In cosmetic applications, higher molecular weights help form a moisturizing film on the skin surface, fortifying the skin’s moisture barrier.

Skin Penetration and Absorption

Low molecular weight sodium hyaluronate has shorter chains of molecules that allow it to penetrate deeper into the layers of the skin. It is particularly beneficial in cosmetic applications for enhanced moisturizing and active ingredient delivery. High molecular weight sodium hyaluronate, however, can remain at the skin’s surface to provide instant moisture and form a protective barrier.

Biocompatibility and Degradability

Molecular weight in medical and injection applications affects the activity of sodium hyaluronate with body tissues. High MW sodium hyaluronate is typically more biocompatible and breaks down more slowly. This gives a longer duration of action in tissue engineering and dermal fillers. Lower MW molecules break down faster, which is beneficial for short-term applications or where rapid clearance from the body is desired.

Bioavailability of Supplements

For the food additive sodium hyaluronate, molecular weight determines its ease of absorption and efficacy as a food supplement. Lower molecular weights ensure rapid absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby enhancing their impact on joint function and skin elasticity.

The table 1 below provides a comparison of the molecular weight ranges required for different applications.

Table 1. How to Choose Molecular Weight for Difference Applications

* Stanford Chemical Company (SCC) is a wholesale distributor of pure organic hyaluronic acid in the United States. Each grade HA is available in high, medium, and low molecular weights.

Clarifying Misconceptions

Although sodium hyaluronate has widespread applications, there are still individuals who have misconceptions about it. Most of these are due to individuals not knowing its molecular weight and applications.

Misconception 1: Higher Molecular Weight is Always Better

Although HMW sodium hyaluronate possesses more viscosity and moisturizing properties, it is not universally suitable. Different applications require certain molecular weights to create the desired effect. For example, in cosmetics, LMW HAs are preferable for deep penetration of the skin; whereas in medical-grade applications, HMW HAs are required to provide long-lasting lubrication and support.

Reference: High VS. Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid

Misconception 2: All Sodium Hyaluronate is the Same

The molecular weight and purity of sodium hyaluronate vary depending on its applications. Cosmetic-grade, Food-grade, Injection-grade, and Medical-grade are formulated differently with diverse specifications in order to meet the strict requirements of their respective industries. Using the wrong grade will result in subpar performance or even safety issues.

Reference: Medical Grade vs. Cosmetic Grade Hyaluronic Acid: What Are the Differences

Misconception 3: Sodium Hyaluronate is Only Used in Skin and Joints

Although sodium hyaluronate is widely known for its applications in skincare and joint care, its applications are more extensive, including ophthalmology, dentistry, wound healing, and even hair care. Every application entails exploiting different properties of sodium hyaluronate, which are altered based on its molecular weight and composition.

Misconception 4: Higher Purity Always Means Better Performance

Purity is essential, especially for injection and medical applications. However, extremely high purity at times may compromise other desirable characteristics, such as biological activity. The ratio between molecular weight and purity will depend on the target application and desired effect.

The post How to Choose Molecular Weight? Instructions for Use on Different Sodium Hyaluronates appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.