Stanford Chemicals https://www.stanfordchem.com Global Supplier of Hyaluronic Acid & Chondroitin Sulfate Tue, 10 Jun 2025 10:14:47 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=4.9.18 https://www.stanfordchem.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/cropped-STANFORD-CHEMICALS-LOGO-1-32x32.jpg Stanford Chemicals https://www.stanfordchem.com 32 32 Is Food-Grade Hyaluronic Acid Really Useful for Health? https://www.stanfordchem.com/is-food-grade-hyaluronic-acid-really-useful-for-health.html https://www.stanfordchem.com/is-food-grade-hyaluronic-acid-really-useful-for-health.html#respond Tue, 10 Jun 2025 10:13:38 +0000 https://www.stanfordchem.com/?p=10376 In the late 1980s, Japan introduced the first hyaluronic acid beauty and health foods. Today, over 161 HA-containing foods can be found in the Japanese market, from everyday foodstuffs like snacks, sweets, and beverages to health foods like oral liquids and capsules. Food-grade hyaluronic acid has been applied extensively in the food and beverage industry […]

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In the late 1980s, Japan introduced the first hyaluronic acid beauty and health foods. Today, over 161 HA-containing foods can be found in the Japanese market, from everyday foodstuffs like snacks, sweets, and beverages to health foods like oral liquids and capsules. Food-grade hyaluronic acid has been applied extensively in the food and beverage industry with over 2,000 HA-fortified foods on the market worldwide, such as in the US, UK, Canada, Czech Republic, and Brazil. This raises a very crucial question: Do food-grade hyaluronic acids actually have any health benefit to humans?

What Is Hyaluronic Acid?

First, tell us about this favorite ingredient. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is an acidic mucopolysaccharide, first found and isolated from the cow eye’s vitreous humour. The naturally occurring agent can be seen in the human body, mostly in eyes, knee joint synovial fluid, and skin. HA is crucial in maintaining hydration of the skin, lubricating joints, regulating blood vessel permeability, and healing wounds. As a result of these uses, it is extensively used in skincare, joint therapy, eye drops, and pharmaceuticals.

Why Is Hyaluronic Acid Important?

Research shows that as people age, their ability to produce HA declines. For example, if the level of hyaluronic acid in a 20-year-old is taken as 100%, at the age of 60, it reduces to merely 25%. Not just limited to skin aging and wrinkle formation, but the reduction of hyaluronic acid is also related to age-related changes and conditions in joints, blood vessels, heart, eyes, and brain.[i]

Why Is Hyaluronic Acid Important

Fig 1. Hyaluronic acid is lost with age

Does Food-grade Hyaluronic Acid Really Benefit Health?

The million-dollar question is whether food-grade hyaluronic acid can be absorbed and utilized by the body. Scientists have diligently endeavored to research this.

One of these studies was carried out by the Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center at Massachusetts General Hospital, which is associated with Harvard Medical School. In their study, they analyzed how food-grade hyaluronic acid affects gastrointestinal health. The findings revealed that hyaluronic acid is good for gut health in various ways.[ii]

  1. Reducing Intestinal Inflammation & Supporting Gut Health

Hyaluronic acid reduces intestinal inflammation and promotes overall gut health. In the study, mice pre-treated with HA were seen to be protected against colon damage and inflammation induced by Citrobacter rodentium. The mice were also seen to have reduced symptoms of weight loss, rectal bleeding, and diarrhea.

  1. Increasing Gut Microbiome Diversity

Mice that received HA exhibited a significant rise in the Simpson Diversity Index, indicating a more diverse and healthier gut microbial population.

  1. Strengthening the Gut Barrier Function

Hyaluronic acid improves gut barrier function. The intestinal mucus layer, composed of mucin MUC2 from goblet cells and water and inorganic salts, is a vital protective barrier. Research showed that oral HA augmented goblet cell count and enhanced mucin secretion, thereby enhancing the protection of the gut against infection and injury.

Additional Benefits of Oral Hyaluronic Acid

In addition to gut health, oral hyaluronic acid has also been shown to hydrate skin and reverse aging. A 2017 clinical trial in the Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine followed 20 healthy women aged 45 to 60 who took HA daily for 40 days.[iii] Skin assessments conducted before, during, and after the trial revealed noticeable improvements in elasticity and hydration, along with reductions in roughness and wrinkle depth.

Hyaluronic acid also supports joint health. While HA injections are commonly used to treat osteoarthritis, oral HA has demonstrated positive effects as well. A 2020 study by Hokkaido University, published in the European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, explored how high-molecular-weight HA is broken down by gut microbes into smaller, absorbable fragments. These fragments then enter the lymphatic system and bloodstream, delivering HA to organs and tissues that need it.

Does Food-grade Hyaluronic Acid Really Benefit Health

Fig 2. The process of food-grade HA being absorbed by the human body[iv]

Conclusion

A number of reputable studies have confirmed that oral HA is not only absorbed by the body but also produces concrete health benefits. With foods containing HA gaining popularity, increasing numbers of consumers are stepping forward with visible positive differences in their skin and overall health. The evidence suggests that the dietary intake of food-grade hyaluronic acid can be a valuable addition to good health and combating the signs of aging.

 

* Free samples are available. For pricing inquiries, please contact us for a quote: Get A Quote.

[[i]] Feng Ning, Shi Yanli, Guo Fengxian, Guo Xueping. Study on the improvement of skin moisture and antioxidant effect of oral hyaluronic acid in vivo[J]. Food and Drug, 2016, 18(6): 386-390

[[ii]] Mao T, Su CW, Ji Q, Chen CY, Wang R, Vijaya Kumar D, Lan J, Jiao L, Shi HN. Hyaluronan-induced alterations of the gut microbiome protects mice against Citrobacter rodentium infection and intestinal inflammation. Gut Microbes. 2021 Jan-Dec;13(1):1972757. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1972757. PMID: 34592891; PMCID: PMC8489935.

[[iii]] Göllner I, Voss W, von Hehn U, Kammerer S. Ingestion of an Oral Hyaluronan Solution Improves Skin Hydration, Wrinkle Reduction, Elasticity, and Skin Roughness: Results of a Clinical Study. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med. 2017 Oct;22(4):816-823. doi: 10.1177/2156587217743640. Epub 2017 Dec 4. PMID: 29228816; PMCID: PMC5871318.

[[iv]] Xueli Zheng, Botao Wang, Xin Tang, Bingyong Mao, Qiuxiang Zhang, Tianmeng Zhang, Jianxin Zhao, Shumao Cui, Wei Chen, Absorption, metabolism, and functions of hyaluronic acid and its therapeutic prospects in combination with microorganisms: A review, Carbohydrate Polymers, Volume 299, 2023, 120153, ISSN 0144-8617, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120153.

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What Are the Benefits of Hyaluronic Acid for Hair in Shampoo https://www.stanfordchem.com/what-are-the-benefits-of-hyaluronic-acid-for-hair-in-shampoo.html https://www.stanfordchem.com/what-are-the-benefits-of-hyaluronic-acid-for-hair-in-shampoo.html#respond Wed, 04 Jun 2025 07:42:53 +0000 https://www.stanfordchem.com/?p=10364 Nowadays, many shampoos containing hyaluronic acid have appeared on the market. So, what exactly does it do for our hair? This article will provide the answers. What Is Hyaluronic Acid Hyaluronic acid is an essential substance between cells that occurs in high concentrations in the skin and joints. It has an amazing water-holding capacity—1 gram […]

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Nowadays, many shampoos containing hyaluronic acid have appeared on the market. So, what exactly does it do for our hair? This article will provide the answers.

What Is Hyaluronic Acid

Hyaluronic acid is an essential substance between cells that occurs in high concentrations in the skin and joints. It has an amazing water-holding capacity—1 gram of hyaluronic acid contains approximately 1,000 times its own weight of water. Due to its typical molecular structure and physicochemical properties, it performs many vital physiological activities in the body. For example, hyaluronic acid used for cosmetic injection can be used for filling shallow depressions or defects on the face, which has a beautifying effect. This compound is also metabolized and absorbed by the body cells without depositing residual residues behind, which makes it highly demanded in the cosmetic industry.

Why Can Hyaluronic Acid be Used in Shampoo

To comprehend this question, let us first look at the structure of hair, as depicted in Figure 1. Human hair can be considered a slender biological fiber, with three principal layers from outside to inside. The first and outermost layer is the cuticle, which encloses and covers the fiber as tiles enclose a roof, protecting it against external damage. It determines the hair’s shine and texture. Healthily coated cuticles are piled neatly upon one another, actually locking in moisture and reflecting light. The mid-layer is the cortex, which accounts for 75%-90% of the weight of the hair. It consists of tightly packed keratin fibers and pigment granules, giving hair its elasticity, strength, and color. The inner layer is the medulla, made up of loose, open cells, more visible in thicker hair. Hair also contains minute traces of zinc and other metals, vitamins, and approximately 10% water.

Why Can Hyaluronic Acid be Used in Shampoo

Figure 1. The structure of hair

This unique hair structure provides an ideal environment for hyaluronic acid to work its magic. While the tile-like cuticle protects the hair shaft, the gaps in the cuticle allow small hyaluronic acid molecules into the cortex. On the other hand, larger molecules adhere to the surface of the cuticle, forming an open hydrating film.

How Does Hyaluronic Acid Improve Hair Health

Hyaluronic acid can form a thin film on the hair surface, providing moisturizing, lubricating, protective, and anti-static effects.

  1. Deep hydration, reducing dryness and frizz

The main composition of hair is keratin, and it is sensitive to moisture. Dehydration causes hair to be dry and brittle due to raised cuticles. Hyaluronic acid absorbs moisture from the air and forms a moisturizing film on the hair surface that softens and shines hair.

  1. Repairing damaged hair

Perming, heat styling, exposure to UV rays, and coloring can compromise the cuticle of the hair and cause hollowing of the strands. Small hyaluronic acid molecules penetrate deep into the hair shaft, filling in damaged areas and bolstering elasticity and resilience.

  1. Reducing static and improving smoothness

In dry conditions, hair gets easily entangled under static due to friction, hence combing becomes difficult. The moisturizing effect of hyaluronic acid prevents static buildup, rendering hair smooth for detangling and minimizing damage caused by yanking.

How Does Hyaluronic Acid Improve Hair Health

Different molecular weights yield different effects.

High-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid is more viscous in texture, contains more cross-linking bonds, and provides filling and styling benefits. To hair, it protects the strands by forming a flexible, hydrating film that enhances moisture and shine.

Low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid is watery and distributable. It penetrates deep into the hair shaft, providing intense moisturizing and conditioning to dry and damaged hair.

High vs Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid for Hair:

High vs Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid for Hair

Moreover, applying hyaluronic acid to the hair roots can promote thicker hair growth by supplying the scalp with essential nutrients and moisture.

 

Stanford Chemicals Company (SCC) supplies high, medium, and low molecular weight hyaluronic acid for use as shampoo ingredients. Samples and favorable pricing are available. For inquiries, please contact our specialists: Get A Quote.

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Hyaluronic Acid for Dogs, the Emerging Market of HA https://www.stanfordchem.com/hyaluronic-acid-for-dogs-the-emerging-market-of-ha.html https://www.stanfordchem.com/hyaluronic-acid-for-dogs-the-emerging-market-of-ha.html#respond Tue, 27 May 2025 10:28:58 +0000 https://www.stanfordchem.com/?p=10358 The global market size of hyaluronic acid for pets was estimated at $1.84 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow to $3.2 billion by 2032. This is a market with great opportunities. Why Use Hyaluronic Acid for Pets Pets are like family, and their health is a top priority for us. Hyaluronic acid plays […]

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The global market size of hyaluronic acid for pets was estimated at $1.84 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow to $3.2 billion by 2032. This is a market with great opportunities.

Why Use Hyaluronic Acid for Pets

Pets are like family, and their health is a top priority for us. Hyaluronic acid plays a role in pet health through various aspects, for example, skin, coat, eyes, and joint care. Therefore, it has become an extremely competitive product within the pet market.

–Benefits of Hyaluronic Acid for Pets

HA is known for its moisturizing, lubricating, and wound-healing properties—benefits that also apply to pets. So, how hyaluronic acid helps your dog stay healthy?

  1. HA Relieves Dry Skin and Itching, Improving Coat Health

HA can hold 1,000 times its weight in water and form a hydrating film on the skin to prevent moisture loss. Skin and fur of animals are highly sensitive to environmental factors, i.e., dry weather in winter, pollen, and dust mites, that lead to itching. Hyaluronic acid not only moistures but also lowers inflammation and calming of the skin, easing redness and scratching from skin disease.

  1. HA Lubricates Joints, Easing Degenerative Joint Issues

Worried your pet will be less active as he ages or as he gains weight? Hyaluronic acid can help. HA is one of the principal components of joint synovial fluid and is used medicinally in joint injections. The fluid lubricates joints, keeps cartilage healthy, and allows for smooth movement.

Benefits of Hyaluronic Acid for Dogs, Easing Degenerative Joint Issues

  1. HA Accelerates Wound Healing in Pets

HA stimulates cell regeneration and decreases inflammation around wounds. In a feline skin wound study, those treated with HA gel healed 30% more rapidly than with standard treatments, with less scarring.

— Related Research

These findings have been backed by research.

In 2019, a police dog research institute conducted a study where dogs were fed a basic diet supplemented with hyaluronic acid twice daily. At 24 weeks, the results were that supplementing with 0.03% HA significantly reduced arthritis symptoms, and the 0.09% dose meant even more exaggerated improvements in hip arthritis. HA improved hydration of the skin and health of the skin, and it nourished hair follicles to create a smoother and brighter coat, stated the study.

Key Applications in the Pet Hyaluronic Acid Market

The HA market for pet animals is segmented geographically into eye health, skin health, and joint health. According to the International Veterinary Academy of Pain Management, over 35% of older dogs and 20% of adult cats have osteoarthritis. Given this, joint health holds the largest market share. At the same time, owing to its capacity to lubricate joint spaces and reduce inflammation, HA is extremely popular in this market.

Skin and coat health is another major application, with HA used in pet shampoos, conditioners, and skincare products to enhance hydration and elasticity. Eye health is also a growing segment, with sodium hyaluronate incorporated into eye drops and ointments to treat dry eye and other ocular conditions.

How Hyaluronic Acid Helps Your Dog Stay Healthy

How Hyaluronic Acid Helps Your Dog Stay Healthy

  1. Oral Supplements

Oral HA can be taken up into the skin of a dog, synovial fluid, cartilage, and bone, according to research. Most pet food and supplement products are already formulated with HA, often combined with glucosamine and chondroitin in joint support products. Supply forms include chewable tablets, powders, and liquids—chewables for well pets with no swallowing issue, and powders/liquids for tiny pets or pets with an eating problem. In Europe, HA is added as a standard ingredient to racehorse, working dog, and show dog supplements, directed at joint maintenance and coat well-being.

  1. Topical Products

HA-containing gels, sprays, and creams may be applied to the skin in areas where the skin is dry or inflamed. HA eye drops are also marketed under professional veterinary supervision in dry or irritable eyes of animals.

  1. HA Injections

For worse cases of arthritis in dogs, oral supplements may not be enough. For these patients, HA injections deliver large doses directly into the joints, providing immediate relief from pain and swelling.

 

Stanford Chemical Company (SCC) is at the forefront of HA powder development. We offer injectable gradefood gradecosmetic grade and medical grade sodium hyaluronate powder. For more information about these HAs, please check out our homepage.

 

People Also Ask

1. Is hyaluronic acid safe for pets?

Yes, hyaluronic acid is used safely in pets provided it is administered appropriately. It’s a natural component within the body, utilized to keep joints lubricated and skin hydrated.

2. What animals are appropriate for hyaluronic acid?

Dogs, cats, and horses, especially older animals or animals with joint disease, dry skin, or eye disease (e.g., dry eye), may be treated with hyaluronic acid.

3. Do side effects of hyaluronic acid occur in dogs?

Side effects are rare but may involve mild gastrointestinal upset if given by mouth or mild irritation at sites of injection.

4. Can I give my pet human hyaluronic acid products?

No, pet foods may contain additives, preservatives, or flavorings that are poisonous to animals.

5. How is hyaluronic acid helpful for dogs?

It makes the joints lubricated, moisturizes the skin, accelerates wound healing, and supports ocular health by hydrating the tear film. Some studies suggest it may even suppress inflammation.

6. What is the appropriate dosage of hyaluronic acid for my dog?

Dosage varies by the weight of the dog and the type of product. Normal oral supplements are 5–20 mg every 10 lbs of body weight per day, but follow the instructions on the package or your veterinarian’s advice. For injections or eye drops, rigid dosing by a veterinarian is necessary.

 

Reference

  1. What Are the Benefits of Hyaluronic Acid for Horse Health
  2. Substances and Supplements for Joint Health
  3. Hyaluronic Acid VS. Glucosamine VS. Chondroitin: Which Is Best for Joints?

 

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Applications of Dihydromyricetin in Functional Foods https://www.stanfordchem.com/applications-of-dihydromyricetin-in-functional-foods.html https://www.stanfordchem.com/applications-of-dihydromyricetin-in-functional-foods.html#respond Wed, 21 May 2025 10:20:36 +0000 https://www.stanfordchem.com/?p=10345 Natural plant-derived bioactive compounds have been of specific interest to the functional food market for a long time. Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is a flavonoid extracted from Ampelopsis grossedentata (vine tea). It exhibits outstanding physiological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and hypoglycemic activities. Its potential in functional food applications is extensive. Dihydromyricetin benefits Functional Beverages Dihydromyricetin […]

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Natural plant-derived bioactive compounds have been of specific interest to the functional food market for a long time. Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is a flavonoid extracted from Ampelopsis grossedentata (vine tea). It exhibits outstanding physiological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and hypoglycemic activities. Its potential in functional food applications is extensive.

Top 5 Powerful Benefits of Dihydromyricetin in Health

Dihydromyricetin benefits

Functional Beverages

Dihydromyricetin first gained public attention due to its hangover relief and liver protection activity. Studies indicate that DHM allows for ethanol metabolism, enhances the alcohol tolerance of the liver, and diminishes alcohol-induced nervous system suppression. Various animal studies and initial human trials have proven that DHM effectively cures post-alcohol discomfort like dizziness and nausea. Due to these benefits, it has been utilized heavily within the hangover relief supplement market. Beverage companies are also incorporating DHM into functional beverages such as low-sugar beverages promoted for liver protection or sobering effects, which are gaining popularity with younger consumers.

Beverages on the market with DHM as an added ingredient

Beverages on the market with DHM as an added ingredient

Aside from alcohol detoxification, DHM’s antioxidant activity more than ten times that of vitamin C, allows it to neutralize free radicals and postpone fatigue. For this reason, some companies incorporate DHM into their products to increase energy-boosting and anti-fatigue effects.

Dairy Products

Dihydromyricetin is gradually finding its way into the dairy industry. Dairy products, with their nutritional advantage, are ideal carriers of functional molecules. Blending DHM with yogurt, apart from increasing the antioxidant activity of the yogurt, imparts hepatoprotective activity as well. In one study, researchers fortified fermented milk with DHM and saw that it was stable under refrigerated storage, showed no loss of flavor quality, and even increased probiotic activity. Such DHM-enriched functional yogurt can be a novel health-oriented dairy food suitable for the elderly or frequent alcohol consumers.

Animal Feed

As a green additive, Dihydromyricetin is becoming a promising option for animal feed. DHM increases the immunity of animals, speeds up growth, and improves feed conversion rate. In a trial with chickens, researchers added DHM to their basal diet. Results showed that supplementation of 0.05% DHM greatly improved feed consumption and body weight along with the initial-stage feed-to-meat ratio. Anti-inflammatory effects and antioxidant properties of DHM also enhance animal liver function and the immune system to reduce the occurrence of toxin-induced feed-induced liver damage.

dihydromyricetin in food

Food Preservation

Antioxidant activity of dihydromyricetin has applications in food preservation. Lipid peroxidation is one of the major causes of food spoilage, particularly in cooked meat, baked foods, and fried foods, where it affects taste and safety. Research indicates DHM inhibits lipid oxidation significantly and possesses antimicrobial activity. Some meat companies already use low levels of DHM in sausages, ham, and the like to reduce preservatives and add shelf life. This process of natural preservation is more consistent with consumer needs.

Opportunities and Challenges

With the growing popularity of the clean label concept, consumers increasingly favor products with natural, safe ingredients. As a plant-extracted ingredient, dihydromyricetin labeling has built-in glamour, fitting the era. In fruit-vegetable beverages or sugar-free foods, DHM is commonly used to enhance antioxidant functionality, offering product stability, as well as enhancing brands’ natural and healthy image.

Dihydromyricetin is limited by some technical difficulties in practical applications. For example, its low water solubility and bitter taste need to be managed with careful formulation. Fortunately, researchers have explored a variety of solutions to improve its solubility.

Solutions to Improve Solubility and Bioavailability of Dihydromyricetin

Method Effectiveness Suitability for Food Industry
Microencapsulation Excellent Recommended
Nanocarriers Very Good High cost, suited for premium products
Co-crystallization Good Mature technology
pH adjustment Effective but requires caution Limited applications
Co-solvents Simple but affects flavor Requires recipe adjustments
Enzymatic modification High potential Under development

Conclusion

From beverages and dairy to animal feed and food preservation, Dihydromyricetin offers a natural, safe profile with diverse health benefits. As extraction technology advances and regulatory bodies tighten standards, DHM will have a greater place in the functional food industry.

 

Stanford Chemical Company (SCC) is a premium supplier of hyaluronic acid and herbal extracts. We offer Dihydromyricetin and Food-grade Pure HA Powder. For more information on these products or specific applications, please contact us and check out our home pages.

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What is Hyaluronic Acid Powder? Benefits and Usage https://www.stanfordchem.com/what-is-hyaluronic-acid-powder-benefits-and-usage.html https://www.stanfordchem.com/what-is-hyaluronic-acid-powder-benefits-and-usage.html#respond Tue, 13 May 2025 08:08:52 +0000 https://www.stanfordchem.com/?p=10334 Hyaluronic acid powder, compared to liquid or gel forms, has a longer shelf life and higher stability, making it easier to store and transport. What is Hyaluronic Acid Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a natural glycosaminoglycan that occurs in connective tissue, skin, joint fluid, and the eye. HA has extremely high water-holding capabilities, allowing it to […]

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Hyaluronic acid powder, compared to liquid or gel forms, has a longer shelf life and higher stability, making it easier to store and transport.

What is Hyaluronic Acid

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a natural glycosaminoglycan that occurs in connective tissue, skin, joint fluid, and the eye. HA has extremely high water-holding capabilities, allowing it to retain and bind an enormous amount of water. For this reason, hyaluronic acid occurs in cosmetics to provide moisture. In addition, HA serves lubricating and repairing functions and is used extensively in joint lubrication and cellular repair.

Benefits and Uses of Hyaluronic Acid:

  • Moisturizing: HA can hold between thousands of times its own weight in water, greatly enhancing skin hydration and erasing fine lines and wrinkles.
  • Joint Lubrication: HA is utilized as a joint lubricant, reducing friction, joint pain, and improving joint function in patients with arthritis.
  • Tissue Repair Stimulation: HA accelerates cell regeneration and tissue repair, wound healing, and scarring prevention.
  • Ophthalmic Applications: In ophthalmic surgeries such as cataract surgery, HA is being used as a viscoelastic substance for supporting intraocular structures and protecting eye tissue.

What is Hyaluronic Acid Powder

Hyaluronic acid powder is the solid form of hyaluronic acid obtained through a drying process, typically supplied as a fine powder.

What is Hyaluronic Acid Powder

Fig 1. Pure Injection-Grade Sodium Hyaluronate Powder

How is Hyaluronic Acid Powder Produced in Industry

Hyaluronic acid has been classically obtained from animal tissues, specifically chicken combs or sturgeon bladders. With advancements in technology, biological fermentation, especially bacterial fermentation, has become the mainstream industrial method. This method is safer and more environmentally friendly compared to animal extraction.

Reference: How is Sodium Hyaluronate Powder Made

The majority of applications require the purity of sodium hyaluronate to be high, such as injection in medical or joint usage. Therefore, after extraction, hyaluronic acid undergoes a series of purification processes. Filtration and centrifugation are included to remove impurities and unwanted compounds.

The purified hyaluronic acid is typically concentrated by evaporation or other processes. The concentrated solution of HA can be further adjusted to the desired concentration.

To transform it into powder, the concentrated solution is dried. Spray drying and freeze-drying are commonly employed. Spray drying uses hot air to evaporate the liquid rapidly into powder, while freeze-drying evaporates the water at a low temperature to maintain the activity of the hyaluronic acid. The dried hyaluronic acid exists in the form of fine particles, which are sieved and filled into HA powder.

Advantages of Powder Form vs Other Forms

In addition to the powder form, hyaluronic acid is also available in liquid and gel forms. Compared to these, hyaluronic acid powder has a longer shelf life, higher stability, and is more convenient for storage and transportation.

Table 1. Powder Form vs Liquid Form vs Gel Form

Feature Powder Form Liquid Form Gel Form
Physical State Dry powder Liquid solution Gel-like
Stability Stable, long shelf life Short shelf life, requires refrigeration Short shelf life, needs airtight storage
Concentration High concentration, adjustable when used Lower concentration, fast effects Moderate concentration, long-lasting hydration
Flexibility in Use Can be mixed to create different concentrations and formulations Pre-mixed, convenient but fixed concentration Pre-mixed, provides steady hydration
Storage & Transport Store at room temperature, avoid humidity Store in a cool, dry place, avoid high heat or sunlight Store in airtight containers, avoid exposure to air

How to Use Hyaluronic Acid Powder

When using hyaluronic acid powder, solubility and concentration are key factors that directly impact the final result.

Solubility

Hyaluronic acid in a dry state cannot carry out its intended actions. HA needs to be dissolved in order to form a gel-like network where it exhibits moisturizing, lubricating, and other effects. The powder is to be dissolved in a proper amount of solvents to prepare the required concentration solution or gel. Dissolution method matters for achieving the desired effect. Inadequate dissolution may lead to undissolved particles, affecting both user experience and effectiveness.

It should be noted that the solubility of HA varies in various solvents. HA is freely soluble in water and moderately soluble in glycerol, but has very poor solubility in oils, ethanol, methanol, and alcohol.

Table 2: Optimal Conditions for Dissolving Hyaluronic Acid in Different Solvents

How to Use Hyaluronic Acid Powder

In addition, temperature, pH, stirring, and time affect HA dissolution. For detailed instructions, please see my previous article: Solubility of Sodium Hyaluronate in Different Solvents and Its Influencing Factors

Tips for Dissolution:

  1. Use the solution as soon as possible after dissolving to avoid excessive exposure to air, which can cause bacterial growth or breakdown of active ingredients.
  2. Precipitation or clumping upon dissolution can be due to water that is too hot or of poor quality. Change the ratio and water temperature if this occurs.

Concentration

Concentration is also important when using hyaluronic acid (HA) powder. The concentration affects HA’s effectiveness, feel, how long it lasts, and where it can be used.

How Concentration Affects Effectiveness

Different HA concentrations work for different needs. Low concentrations (0.1%-0.5%) are good for daily skincare, while high concentrations (1%-2%) are used for anti-aging treatments or medical injections, like joint lubrication and eye treatments.

Controlling concentration helps HA work better. Higher concentrations give stronger hydration and repair but may feel sticky. But too high can cause discomfort. Too low may not provide enough moisture or repair.

How to Control Concentration

The key to controlling hyaluronic acid concentration is accurately calculating the ratio of powder to solvent. For example, to create a 1% hyaluronic acid solution, you would dissolve 1g of hyaluronic acid powder in 100ml of water. You can adjust the amount of powder based on your specific needs. For oral supplements, lower concentrations (0.1%-0.5%) are typically used, while medical treatments use higher concentrations (1%-2%) for more pronounced effects.

Conclusion

Hyaluronic acid powder offers versatility and stability, making it an excellent option for a variety of applications, from skincare to medical uses. By controlling solubility and concentration, you can tailor the powder to meet specific needs, ensuring effective and safe use.

Stanford Chemical Company (SCC) is a professional hyaluronic acid (HA) powder supplier.

SCC provides high-purity, high-quality, and safe sodium hyaluronate powder, including:

  • Food-grade
  • Cosmetic-grade
  • Medical-grade
  • Injection-grade

All SCC hyaluronic acid products are produced through bacterial fermentation, ensuring safety and reliability.

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How to Choose Molecular Weight? Instructions for Use on Different Sodium Hyaluronates https://www.stanfordchem.com/how-to-choose-molecular-weight-instructions-for-use-on-different-sodium-hyaluronates.html https://www.stanfordchem.com/how-to-choose-molecular-weight-instructions-for-use-on-different-sodium-hyaluronates.html#respond Tue, 06 May 2025 09:02:46 +0000 https://www.stanfordchem.com/?p=10314 Sodium hyaluronate (hyaluronic acid, HA) is of some thousands to a few millions of Daltons (Da) molecular weight (MW). Physical properties and biological functions such as viscosity, permeability, moisturization, anti-inflammatory action, lubrication depend altogether only on molecular weight variation. Therefore, when selecting sodium hyaluronate, one should select the most suitable molecular weight based on the […]

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Sodium hyaluronate (hyaluronic acid, HA) is of some thousands to a few millions of Daltons (Da) molecular weight (MW). Physical properties and biological functions such as viscosity, permeability, moisturization, anti-inflammatory action, lubrication depend altogether only on molecular weight variation. Therefore, when selecting sodium hyaluronate, one should select the most suitable molecular weight based on the application.

Classification by Application: 4 Types of Sodium Hyaluronate

Depending on their uses, sodium hyaluronate can be divided into four grades: Medical Grade, Cosmetic Grade, Food Grade, and Injection Grade.

How to Choose Molecular Weight? Instructions for Use on Different Sodium Hyaluronates

Medical Grade HA

For the pharmaceutical industry, hyaluronic acid is used primarily for ophthalmic surgery, orthopedic injections, wound dressings, and drug delivery systems. Medical-grade HA is subjected to very strict purity and molecular weight distribution requirements, generally needing to comply with pharmacopeial criteria and low endotoxin levels. Each application may have different molecular weight requirements. This article provides a detailed introduction: Medical-Grade Hyaluronic Acid: From Ophthalmic to Multidisciplinary Therapeutic Agent

Cosmetic Grade HA

The cosmetics industry utilizes hyaluronic acid due to its moisturizing and anti-aging effects. It is found in creams, serums, and injectable fillers. Cosmetics-grade sodium hyaluronate typically varies in molecular weight to provide a balance between skin permeability and moisturization. Lower molecular weights can penetrate deeper into the skin, enhancing internal moisturizing effects. Higher molecular weights form a protective layer on the skin’s surface to lock in moisture.

Food Grade HA

In food, sodium hyaluronate is used as a food additive and dietary supplement due to its health effects. Detailed benefits can be found below: What Are the Benefits of Food-Grade Hyaluronic Acid. Since it is taken orally, food-grade hyaluronic acid must meet high purity standards. It is also usually produced at lower molecular weights for absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.

Injection Grade HA

Sodium hyaluronate injection grade is used mainly for intra-articular injections and medical aesthetics. Both these applications require rigorous molecular weight specifications to ensure stability, longevity, and biocompatibility.

Molecular Weight Determines the Uses of Sodium Hyaluronate

Molecular weight of sodium hyaluronate plays a critical role in determining its physical and biological properties, which subsequently decides its applications.

Molecular Weight Determines the Uses of Sodium Hyaluronate

Viscosity and Moisturizing Capacity

Higher molecular weight hyaluronic acid has higher viscosity and higher moisturizing capacity. It is therefore used in medical-grade applications requiring long-term lubrication and support. In cosmetic applications, higher molecular weights help form a moisturizing film on the skin surface, fortifying the skin’s moisture barrier.

Skin Penetration and Absorption

Low molecular weight sodium hyaluronate has shorter chains of molecules that allow it to penetrate deeper into the layers of the skin. It is particularly beneficial in cosmetic applications for enhanced moisturizing and active ingredient delivery. High molecular weight sodium hyaluronate, however, can remain at the skin’s surface to provide instant moisture and form a protective barrier.

Biocompatibility and Degradability

Molecular weight in medical and injection applications affects the activity of sodium hyaluronate with body tissues. High MW sodium hyaluronate is typically more biocompatible and breaks down more slowly. This gives a longer duration of action in tissue engineering and dermal fillers. Lower MW molecules break down faster, which is beneficial for short-term applications or where rapid clearance from the body is desired.

Bioavailability of Supplements

For the food additive sodium hyaluronate, molecular weight determines its ease of absorption and efficacy as a food supplement. Lower molecular weights ensure rapid absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby enhancing their impact on joint function and skin elasticity.

The table 1 below provides a comparison of the molecular weight ranges required for different applications.

Table 1. How to Choose Molecular Weight for Difference Applications

Application Core Requirements Recommended MW Range Recommended Products
Ophthalmic Viscous Agents High viscoelasticity, support, maintaining surgical space 1,000–2500 kDa HA-EM3.0-SC
Eye Drops Lubrication, moisturization, low viscosity to prevent blurring 50–500 kDa HA-EM2.0-SC
Joint Injections Long-lasting lubrication, high viscoelasticity 2000–3000 kDa HA-EP3.0-SC
Wound Dressings Promote cell migration, anti-inflammatory 10–100 kDa HA-EMC-SC
Creams Surface film formation, long-lasting moisture retention 300–1000 kDa HAC-N-SC, HAC-L-SC
Emulsions Balance penetration and moisturization 100–300 kDa HAC-N-SC
Anti-Aging Serums Transdermal absorption, stimulate collagen synthesis 10–50 kDa (can be blended with 1-10 kDa) HAC-Oligo-SC, HAC-Micro-SC
Oral Beverages Easily absorbed by the intestines, high bioavailability <50 kDa HAF-Oligo-SC, HAF-Micro-SC

 

* Stanford Chemical Company (SCC) is a wholesale distributor of pure organic hyaluronic acid in the United States. Each grade HA is available in high, medium, and low molecular weights.

Clarifying Misconceptions

Although sodium hyaluronate has widespread applications, there are still individuals who have misconceptions about it. Most of these are due to individuals not knowing its molecular weight and applications.

Misconception 1: Higher Molecular Weight is Always Better

Although HMW sodium hyaluronate possesses more viscosity and moisturizing properties, it is not universally suitable. Different applications require certain molecular weights to create the desired effect. For example, in cosmetics, LMW HAs are preferable for deep penetration of the skin; whereas in medical-grade applications, HMW HAs are required to provide long-lasting lubrication and support.

Reference: High VS. Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid

Misconception 2: All Sodium Hyaluronate is the Same

The molecular weight and purity of sodium hyaluronate vary depending on its applications. Cosmetic-grade, Food-grade, Injection-grade, and Medical-grade are formulated differently with diverse specifications in order to meet the strict requirements of their respective industries. Using the wrong grade will result in subpar performance or even safety issues.

Reference: Medical Grade vs. Cosmetic Grade Hyaluronic Acid: What Are the Differences

Misconception 3: Sodium Hyaluronate is Only Used in Skin and Joints

Although sodium hyaluronate is widely known for its applications in skincare and joint care, its applications are more extensive, including ophthalmology, dentistry, wound healing, and even hair care. Every application entails exploiting different properties of sodium hyaluronate, which are altered based on its molecular weight and composition.

Misconception 4: Higher Purity Always Means Better Performance

Purity is essential, especially for injection and medical applications. However, extremely high purity at times may compromise other desirable characteristics, such as biological activity. The ratio between molecular weight and purity will depend on the target application and desired effect.

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Why Does High Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid Matter https://www.stanfordchem.com/why-does-high-molecular-weight-hyaluronic-acid-matter.html https://www.stanfordchem.com/why-does-high-molecular-weight-hyaluronic-acid-matter.html#respond Tue, 22 Apr 2025 10:18:42 +0000 https://www.stanfordchem.com/?p=10309 Molecular weight is one of the most significant properties of hyaluronic acid (HA). Different molecular weights have different physicochemical properties and biological activities. High molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HMW-HA), typically above 1,800 kDa, has superior viscosity, lubrication, and stability properties and is of great benefit in skincare and medical therapy. The Powerful Lubricating Effects of […]

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Molecular weight is one of the most significant properties of hyaluronic acid (HA). Different molecular weights have different physicochemical properties and biological activities. High molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HMW-HA), typically above 1,800 kDa, has superior viscosity, lubrication, and stability properties and is of great benefit in skincare and medical therapy.

The Powerful Lubricating Effects of High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid

While HA is generally best known for its moisturizing action, its lubricating action is also important. In biomedical applications, such as joint lubrication, ophthalmic surgery and post-surgical anti-adhesion, HMW-HA’s lubricating effect is primarily utilized.

High-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid possesses lubricating and viscoelastic properties.

Fig 1. High-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid possesses lubricating and viscoelastic properties.

–Joint Lubrication: HMW-HA is the Standard

HA is a necessary component of synovial fluid, and it is for this reason that physicians manage arthritis by the administration of HA injections. Synovial fluid naturally has HA with a molecular weight between 3,000–6,000 kDa. HMW-HA (which is frequently in need of cross-linking technology) proved to be the best of all the molecular weights. Clinical observation is that in patients with osteoarthritis, the synovial HA concentrations are below 500 kDa, resulting in a >50% loss of viscoelasticity. Thus, HMW-HA injections restore synovial fluid viscosity with improved joint lubrication.

–Ophthalmic Surgery: Relies on Ultra-High Molecular Weight HA

Ophthalmic viscosurgical devices (OVDs) typically use HMW-HA (>2,000 kDa). Its high stability and viscoelasticity allow it to remain longer in the eye, providing longer protection and support and reducing intra- and post-operative complications. In contrary, lower molecular weight HA cannot provide the required rheological performance and can cause corneal edema because of osmotic pressure issues.

–Post-Surgical Anti-Adhesion: HMW-HA as the Foundation

The high viscoelasticity of HMW-HA allows it to offer a physical barrier effect in operating sites for extended periods of time, delivering long-lasting anti-adhesion results. Additionally, its lubricating nature reduces tissue friction, minimizing injury and inflammation.

High vs. Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid: Anti-Inflammatory or Pro-Inflammatory

In addition to lubrication, HMW-HA’s uses in joint injections, ophthalmic surgery, and anti-adhesion also capitalize on its anti-inflammatory properties.

High vs. Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid: Anti-Inflammatory or Pro-Inflammatory

Fig 2. Smaller HA molecules absorb deeper into skin

–HMW-HA Effectively Suppresses Inflammation

It forms an anti-inflammatory covering on tissue surfaces that bars inflammatory cell invasion. It also controls pro- and anti-inflammatory factors, suppressing inflammation. On top of that, HMW-HA enhances tissue stability, promoting efficient healing of wounds. Hence, it is used quite often in arthritis treatment, skincare, and eye surgery to support healing.

–LMW-HA Does Just the Reverse—It May Promote Inflammation

LMW-HA (HA in the range of 10-200 kDa) engages cell surface receptors, including TLR4, activating inflammatory signaling and amplifying the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. While the body naturally breaks down HA into LMW-HA during tissue injury (helping initiate immune defense), excessive amounts can lead to chronic inflammation. Therefore, its use must be carefully controlled to balance pro-inflammatory and reparative effects.

Read more: Does Hyaluronic Acid Trigger Inflammation

Can High Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid Achieve Anti-Aging and Life Extension

HMW-HA is present in nearly all anti-aging skincare products. It works like a super sponge, forming a barrier film on the skin’s surface that locks in moisture. This makes the skin tight and elastic, smoothing out wrinkles and fine lines. Besides hydration, the film also protects against UV damage, shielding the skin from free radicals.

Benefits of HMW-HA to the Skin:

  • Improves elasticity and firmness of skin
  • Avoids sagging
  • Smooths texture and enhances it

Other than dermatological treatment, studies showed that high molecular weight hyaluronic acid also exhibits medical anti-aging capabilities.

A groundbreaking study published in Nature revealed that increasing expression of the nmr Has2 gene (which produces more HMW-HA) in naked mole rats extended the life of test mice.[i] The study found that HMW-HA not only inhibits cancer but can possibly increase lifespan as well.

Conclusion

Due to its triple benefit of lubrication, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging, HMW-HA occupies a replaceable niche in the therapy of joints, surgical assistance, and aging protection. Although LMW-HA can add flexibility to certain applications, HMW-HA’s stability and protective action render it popular in many clinical and cosmetic uses.

 

Stanford Chemicals Company (SCC) offers high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HA) powder suitable for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and research industries. For more product information, contact professionals through the Get A Quote.

[i] Zhang Z, Tian X, Lu JY, Boit K, Ablaeva J, Zakusilo FT, Emmrich S, Firsanov D, Rydkina E, Biashad SA, Lu Q, Tyshkovskiy A, Gladyshev VN, Horvath S, Seluanov A, Gorbunova V. Increased hyaluronan by naked mole-rat Has2 improves healthspan in mice. Nature. 2023 Sep;621(7977):196-205. doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06463-0. Epub 2023 Aug 23. PMID: 37612507; PMCID: PMC10666664.

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Medical-Grade Hyaluronic Acid: From Ophthalmic to Multidisciplinary Therapeutic Agent https://www.stanfordchem.com/medical-grade-hyaluronic-acid-from-ophthalmic-to-multidisciplinary-therapeutic-agent.html https://www.stanfordchem.com/medical-grade-hyaluronic-acid-from-ophthalmic-to-multidisciplinary-therapeutic-agent.html#respond Tue, 15 Apr 2025 09:36:59 +0000 https://www.stanfordchem.com/?p=10296 When people hear of hyaluronic acid (HA), the majority of them will immediately associate it with cosmetic and skincare applications. Whether applied as dermal fillers or as a means to improve skin hydration, HA is indeed highly effective. But the application of HA extends far beyond these. In general, HA is categorized into different grades […]

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When people hear of hyaluronic acid (HA), the majority of them will immediately associate it with cosmetic and skincare applications. Whether applied as dermal fillers or as a means to improve skin hydration, HA is indeed highly effective. But the application of HA extends far beyond these.

In general, HA is categorized into different grades based on the application. Besides the usual cosmetic grade, medical-grade, food-grade, and injectable-grade HA also have extensive market applications. We have already touched on the variations between these types of hyaluronic acid. If you’re curious, click on the following link to learn more: Medical Grade vs. Cosmetic Grade Hyaluronic Acid: What Are the Differences.

HA was first discovered to be added to medicine over 70 years ago. It has continued to be a constantly increasing part of life sciences and medicine through continued research.

Medical Grade Hyaluronic Acid Was First Used in Ophthalmology

Hyaluronic acid is a multi-purpose matrix that occurs widely in the human body. It possesses a good lubricant and biocompatibility. Medically, it is referred to as sodium hyaluronate and is utilized in various ophthalmic surgeries, such as intraocular lens implantation, corneal transplantation, and glaucoma surgery.

Actually, the therapeutic application of HA dates back 70 years. HA was first successfully used in eye surgeries in the 1950s and remains a common practice to this day. Two decades later, HA’s moisturizing property was beautifully utilized by veterinarians when they filled horse joints with HA to improve mobility. Since then, HA has steadily expanded its role in medicine.

Read more: From Surgery to Daily Care: The Versatile Role of Sodium Hyaluronate in Eye Health

Medical-Grade Hyaluronic Acid Was First Used in Ophthalmology

The Diverse Benefits of Medical-Grade Hyaluronic Acid

Presently, with more and more research, applications of HA in medicine are growing day by day. Besides its traditional use in ophthalmology, HA has become a major treatment modality for orthopedic conditions. In osteoarthritis and frozen shoulder, joint lubrication is greatly improved by HA injections, and cartilage is protected.

Moreover, HA use now includes gynecology, tendon fixation, and abdominal surgery, wherein it is utilized as a postoperative device. Its bioadhesive nature allows it to form a protective coating over wounds, both as a lubricant and as a mechanical coating to give the optimal environment for healing.[i] Lastly, HA supplementation is now a standard therapy for cystitis and urinary tract infection, significantly alleviating signs and symptoms with its mucosal protective effect.

HA is also pushing vaccine technology forward. By some chemical manipulations, HA holds pioneering promise as an adjuvant. When mixed with antigens, it enhances antigen-presenting efficacy, induces targeted migration to lymph nodes, and prevents inflammation at the injection site[ii]—offering new conceptual paradigms for vaccine design.

Benefits of Medical-Grade Hyaluronic Acid

The Role of Hyaluronic Acid Depends on Its Molecular Weight

Low-molecular-weight HA (LMW-HA) can penetrate tissues better, possesses fine bioactivity, and is, therefore, good for anti-inflammatory and tissue repair. Medium-molecular-weight HA (MMW-HA) offers a balance between lubrication and structure. High-molecular-weight HA (HMW-HA) excels in viscoelasticity and water retentive properties. Each of the molecular weight forms has something special to offer—no one “best” one, merely the best for a given purpose. Each has a specific molecular weight range suited to a specific medical application and functional requirement.

The next table provides a working comparison of HA’s properties demanded and molecular weight associated for various medical applications:

Application Key Performance Requirements Recommended MW Mechanism of Action
Ophthalmic Surgery – High viscoelasticity

– Pseudoplasticity

– Biocompatibility

High (1,000–3,000 kDa) – Maintains anterior chamber space

– Protects corneal endothelial cells

– Facilitates surgical instrument maneuverability

Joint Injection – Moderate viscoelasticity

– Long-lasting lubrication

– Anti-inflammatory effects

Medium (500–1,500 kDa) – Reduces joint friction

– Inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β)

– Stimulates endogenous HA synthesis

Wound Healing – Tissue permeability

– Cell-activating capacity

– Angiogenic promotion

Low (<50 kDa) – Activates CD44/TLR4 receptors to promote repair

– Accelerates fibroblast migration

– Modulates macrophage polarization

Vaccine Adjuvant – Immune cell targeting

– Enhanced antigen presentation

– Low inflammatory response

Low (10–200 kDa) – Promotes dendritic cell uptake

– Enhances lymph node targeting

– Activates immune response via TLR4

Anti-Adhesion Barrier – Mechanical separation

– Controlled degradation

– Tissue compatibility

Medium-High (1,000–2,000 kDa) – Physically isolates wound surfaces

– Degrades slowly (4–6 weeks)

– Reduces fibrin deposition

This structured comparison serves as a reference for clinical decision-making or product development, emphasizing that optimal HA selection depends on specific medical requirements.

[i] Belluco C, Meggiolaro F, Pressato D, Pavesio A, Bigon E, Donà M, Forlin M, Nitti D, Lise M. Prevention of postsurgical adhesions with an autocrosslinked hyaluronan derivative gel. J Surg Res. 2001 Oct;100(2):217-21. doi: 10.1006/jsre.2001.6248. PMID: 11592796.

[ii] Jiang D, Liang J, Noble PW. Hyaluronan as an immune regulator in human diseases. Physiol Rev. 2011 Jan;91(1):221-64. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00052.2009. PMID: 21248167; PMCID: PMC3051404.

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Why Hyaluronic Acid is an Ideal Material for Wound Healing https://www.stanfordchem.com/why-hyaluronic-acid-is-an-ideal-material-for-wound-healing.html https://www.stanfordchem.com/why-hyaluronic-acid-is-an-ideal-material-for-wound-healing.html#respond Tue, 08 Apr 2025 09:15:14 +0000 https://www.stanfordchem.com/?p=10278 Normal wound healing involves stages such as hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Throughout these stages, hyaluronic acid plays an active role, hence it qualifies as an ideal material for wound healing. What is Hyaluronic Acid Hyaluronic acid (Hyaluron, HA) is a naturally occurring polysaccharide molecule found in humans and other organisms. It is widely distributed […]

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Normal wound healing involves stages such as hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Throughout these stages, hyaluronic acid plays an active role, hence it qualifies as an ideal material for wound healing.

What is Hyaluronic Acid

Hyaluronic acid (Hyaluron, HA) is a naturally occurring polysaccharide molecule found in humans and other organisms. It is widely distributed in the human body, primarily present in the skin, joint fluid, eyes, and connective tissues.

HA Structure

The basic structure of hyaluronic acid consists of two types of sugar molecules arranged alternately:

  • D-Glucuronic Acid (GlcA)
  • N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine (GlcNAc)

These two monosaccharides are alternately connected with β-1,3 and β-1,4 glycosidic linkages to disaccharide repeating units. This specific linkage allows HA to possess a linear, unbranched conformation, which avoids branching and complex three-dimensional arrangements, ensuring its high water capacity and fluidity. The carboxyl and hydroxyl groups provide opportunities for HA chemical modification. Hence, it can be synthesized into various hydrogels, fillers, and biomedical materials for various applications.

What is Hyaluronic Acid

Fig 1. Hyaluronan hydrophilic properties[1]

HA Physiological Functions

As mentioned earlier, hyaluronic acid exists in tissues such as the skin, joints, and eyes in the human body, where it performs important functions:

  • Skin: Protects the moisture and elasticity of the skin, softens wrinkles, and delays aging.
  • Joints: Lubricates joints, reduces friction, and alleviates arthritis symptoms.
  • Eyes: Aids in maintaining the shape and lubrication of the eyeball.

Besides this, hyaluronic acid also serves an important physiological function of wound healing.

Why Hyaluronic Acid Can Heal Wounds

Hyaluronic acid is naturally present in the human body. Endogenous HA and exogenous HA are chemically extremely close. Therefore, the application of hyaluronic acid products in wound healing reduces immune system recognition and rejection reactions. Furthermore, HA is a biodegradable compound, which is degraded by hyaluronidases over time, preventing the accumulation and potential toxicity of the compound in the body. In general, hyaluronic acid is safe, non-toxic, and bio-metabolizable, providing the foundation for it to act as a material in wound healing.

Of course, biocompatibility is just a foundation; the important thing is that hyaluronic acid plays in a number of different functions during the wound healing process through various mechanisms.

Hyaluronic Acid Wound Healing

Fig 2. Wound healing process[2]

1. Hemostasis

Hemostasis is the first step in wound healing. The mechanism of hemostasis is to stop bleeding by platelet aggregation and blood clotting, sealing the wound from infection. HA can bind to CD44 receptors on the platelet surface, promoting platelet activation and aggregation, and blood clot formation. In addition, HA’s high molecular weight and viscoelasticity allow it to form a viscous physical barrier on the wound surface, restricting blood loss.

2. Inflammatory Phase

During this phase, inflammatory mediators are released so that leukocytes and other immune cells can migrate into the wound site. They suppress infection, debride the wound, and create good conditions for tissue repair and regeneration. During this phase, the primary role of HA is to induce the migration and proliferation of inflammatory cells. While this increases the inflammatory response, exogenous HA also has anti-inflammatory activity. Some studies show that exogenous HA has been found to reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells and decrease the inflammatory response. In conclusion, HA guarantees the wound healing is enhanced by the optimal amount of inflammation.

3. Proliferation Phase

The proliferation phase is the critical phase of healing wounds, including angiogenesis, epithelial cell migration and proliferation, and repair of extracellular matrix. During this phase, HA plays a range of roles:

  • Promotes Cell Migration and Development: HA triggers fibroblast and epithelial cell proliferation, enabling the wound to close rapidly.
  • Promotes Angiogenesis: HA stimulates the growth of new blood vessels to supply new tissue with oxygen and nutrients.
  • Enables Extracellular Matrix Development: HA stimulates the production of collagen, reconstitutes tissue structure, and enhances wound strength.
  • Retains the Wound Moist: HA keeps the wound in a moist state to enable cell functioning and infection prevention, thereby accelerating healing.

4. Remodeling Phase

The remodeling stage is the final phase of the healing process. In this stage, HA takes part in control of reorganization of collagen to make tissue tougher and elastic as well as preclude scar formation. The previously mentioned anti-inflammatory properties of HA continue to play a role in this phase. It can reduce local inflammation in the wound, promoting the recovery of healthy tissue. Moreover, HA can also promote the synthesis of elastin. With the support of elastin, the healed skin experiences less tightness, restoring its original elasticity and flexibility.

What are the Hyaluronic Acid-Based Dressings

Given the powerful healing property of hyaluronic acid, how can researchers disregard it? Its most common applications are HA-based dressings.

Hyaluronic acid dressings are medical wound-covering agents composed of sodium hyaluronate (sodium salt of HA) that provide an extremely conducive microenvironment for wound repair. They can also be blended with other substances, such as antimicrobial silver ions, collagen, chitosan, etc. Depending on the applications, they exist in various forms.

Hyaluronic Acid-Based Dressings

Fig 3. Hyaluronic Acid-Based Dressings[3]

1. Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel Dressings

Hyaluronic acid hydrogels are the most advanced and versatile type of HA dressings. They are formed through physical or chemical crosslinking, yielding a three-dimensional network hydrophilic gel. They provide a stable moist environment, allowing cell migration and growth. Stable hyaluronic acid hydrogels, for example, can be formed by carbodiimide hydrochloride and adipic dihydrazide crosslinking.

* Suitable for chronic ulcers and burns.

2. Hyaluronic Acid Sponge Dressings

These are highly porous, absorbent dressings. Like a sponge, they are able to suck out excess exudate and prevent maceration. They provide physical support as well, which prevents overgrowth of granulation tissue. They are some of them are mixed with chitosan to enhance antibacterial activity.

* Suitable for highly exudative wounds and postoperative bleeding wounds.

3. Hyaluronic Acid Film Dressings

The most significant benefit of film dressings is their thinness and breathability. With a thickness as low as 0.01~0.1mm, they provide excellent breathability. They are also convenient to apply, sticking to the wound surface without needing secondary fixation.

* Suitable for minimally invasive facial surgeries.

4. Hyaluronic Acid Sprays

These are dressing items that trap sodium hyaluronate in liquid form in pressurized cans or pump bottles, which are applied directly to the skin or wound surface as a spray. Their key features include ease of use, immediate moisturization, and rapid film formation. Medical sprays can also be employed to deliver antibiotics or cytokines for selective drug delivery.

* Suitable for large-area burns and oral/nasal mucosal ulcers.

 

Other than these traditional dressings, with technology increasing, the market also launched 3D-printed custom dressings. These use a bio-ink composed of HA and fibroblasts to print active dressings with precise matching of the wound contour. They can replicate complicated wounds in a very accurate manner, for instance, nasal defects repair.

 

Stanford Chemicals Company (SCC) offers high-quality hyaluronic acid (HA) powder raw materials suitable for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and research industries. Their HA powder is characterized by high purity, excellent solubility, and a variety of molecular weight options, ensuring outstanding performance across different applications. Whether you need it for moisturizing formulations, injectable fillers, eye drops, or medical dressings, SCC can meet your requirements. For more product information, contact professionals through the Get A Quote.

[1] Frenkel JS. The role of hyaluronan in wound healing. Int Wound J. 2014 Apr;11(2):159-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-481X.2012.01057.x. Epub 2012 Aug 14. PMID: 22891615; PMCID: PMC7950635.

[2] Polizzi, A.; Leanza, Y.; Belmonte, A.; Grippaudo, C.; Leonardi, R.; Isola, G. Impact of Hyaluronic Acid and Other Re-Epithelializing Agents in Periodontal Regeneration: A Molecular Perspective. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 12347. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252212347

[3] Mariana F.P. Graça, Sónia P. Miguel, Cátia S.D. Cabral, Ilídio J. Correia, Hyaluronic acid—Based wound dressings: A review, Carbohydrate Polymers, Volume 241, 2020, 116364, ISSN 0144-8617, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116364.

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The Comprehensive Guide to Hyaluronic Acid https://www.stanfordchem.com/the-comprehensive-guide-to-hyaluronic-acid.html https://www.stanfordchem.com/the-comprehensive-guide-to-hyaluronic-acid.html#respond Tue, 01 Apr 2025 09:57:08 +0000 https://www.stanfordchem.com/?p=10264 Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a naturally occurring key component in the human body and plays an important role in multiple fields. As the official website of a professional hyaluronic acid supplier, we have published many articles about HA. Today, we have compiled our previous content to address all your concerns in one place. Feel free […]

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Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a naturally occurring key component in the human body and plays an important role in multiple fields. As the official website of a professional hyaluronic acid supplier, we have published many articles about HA. Today, we have compiled our previous content to address all your concerns in one place. Feel free to leave comments, as this article will be continuously updated.

I. Hyaluronic Acid for EyesHyaluronic Acid for Eyes

1. What are the benefits of hyaluronic acid for the eyes?

Hyaluronic acid is a water-retaining and lubricating substance. It retains moisture in the eyes and lubricates ocular tissues. It also enhances and repairs corneal damage, which brings great relief to symptoms of dryness, irritation, and eye fatigue.

Clinical trials have shown that sodium hyaluronate eye drops (sodium salt of HA) significantly improve discomfort in dry eye patients and promote the healing process of micro damage on the corneal surface.

Reference: From Surgery to Daily Care: The Versatile Role of Sodium Hyaluronate in Eye Health

2. What are applications of hyaluronic acid in eye care?

In ophthalmology, HA is primarily used in two areas: daily eye care and ophthalmic surgical assistance. For daily care, it serves as a key ingredient in artificial tears. In eye surgeries, it acts as a viscoelastic agent to protect intraocular tissues. For specific case studies, please refer to our related articles.

References:

3. Which is better for the eyes: hyaluronic acid or ectoine?

Both HA and ectoine are excellent eye care ingredients, but they work differently. Hyaluronic acid primarily functions through physical water retention, while ectoine is more effective in protecting cells from environmental stress. The choice depends on specific eye conditions. For a detailed comparison, please refer to our dedicated article.

Reference: Sodium Hyaluronate vs. Ectoine: Which Is Better for Skin and Eyes?

 

Product Recommendations

Stanford Chem Company (SCC) provides pure medical-grade HA powder specifically developed for ophthalmic applications.

Product Code Molecular Weight (Da) Intrinsic Viscosity (m³/kg)
HA-EM2.0-SC 800K–1,300K 1.44–2.12
HA-EM2.4-SC 1,300K–1,800K 2.12–2.72
HA-EM3.0-SC 1,800K–2,500K 2.72–3.53
HA-EMC-SC Customized Customized

II. Hyaluronic Acid for Skin

What are the benefits of hyaluronic acid for skin

1. How strong is hyaluronic acid’s hydrating ability?

Hyaluronic acid is known as the “natural moisturizing factor” due to its exceptional water-binding capacity. Scientific data shows that 1 gram of HA can hold up to 1,000 times its weight in water, making it an essential hydrating ingredient in skincare.

2. What are the benefits of hyaluronic acid for skin?

Beyond its superior moisturizing effects, HA also promotes skin barrier repair and improves elasticity. Recent studies suggest it may delay skin aging by regulating specific signaling pathways, opening new possibilities for anti-aging product development.

Reference: What Does Sodium Hyaluronate Do for the Skin?

3. Is a lower molecular weight always better?

There is a common misconception that the lower the molecular weight, the better and that molecules over 500 Da are too large to penetrate the skin. However, different molecular weights offer different benefits, and larger molecules can still permeate through advanced formulation techniques. A 2024 study found that high-molecular-weight HA penetrates the skin effectively, providing anti-inflammatory, reparative, and antioxidant effects.[1]

Therefore, molecular weight selection should be informed by science. The ideal product should comprise a mixture of HA with various molecular weights.

4. Hyaluronic acid vs. collagen: Which one should you choose?

These two ingredients work differently—HA primarily hydrates, while collagen provides structural support. The best approach is to use them together for synergistic effects, as detailed in our research article.

Reference: Hyaluronic Acid and Collagen: The Perfect Combination for Healthy Skin

5. Hyaluronic acid, retinol, and vitamin C: Which is best for skincare?

Each of these active ingredients excels in different areas: HA for hydration, retinol for wrinkle reduction, and vitamin C for antioxidant protection. The choice depends on skin needs and tolerance, and sometimes combining them yields better results. Our comparative study provides detailed usage recommendations.

Reference: Hyaluronic Acid vs. Retinol vs. Vitamin C: Which Is Best for Skincare?

6. Can hyaluronic acid cause acne?

Pure HA itself does not cause acne, as it is non-comedogenic. However, some HA products may contain other additives that could trigger breakouts. Always check the full ingredient list, especially if you have oily or acne-prone skin.

Reference: Can Hyaluronic Acid Cause Acne?

 

Product Recommendations

Our cosmetic-grade sodium hyaluronate powder features high purity with minimal impurities. Compared to other market products, it contains higher glucuronic acid content and lower levels of protein, heavy metals, and nucleic acids.

Product Code Molecular Weight (Da) Classification
HAC-Micro-SC <5K Ultra-Low Molecular Weight
HAC-Oligo-SC 5K–10K Low Molecular Weight
HAC-N-SC 200K–600K Standard
HAC-L-SC 100K–1,000K (800K) Broad Range
HAC-M-SC 800K–1,600K Medium Molecular Weight
HAC-H-SC >1,800K High Molecular Weight
HAC-C-SC Customized Custom Molecular Weight

III. Hyaluronic Acid for Joints

Hyaluronic Acid for Joints

1. Why is hyaluronic acid able to relieve arthritis?

Hyaluronic acid is a major component of synovial fluid, producing lubrication and cushioning in joints. In patients with arthritis, the concentration and molecular weight of HA in joint fluid are reduced. Exogenous sodium hyaluronate supplementation can improve joint function and relieve pain symptoms.

2. Hyaluronic acid or chondroitin sulfate: Which is better for joints?

Both supporters ensure joint health but differently. HA primarily facilitates joint lubrication, while chondroitin sulfate is all about cartilage protection. They are usually prescribed clinically together for general joint support.

Reference: Hyaluronic Acid vs. Glucosamine vs. Chondroitin: Which Is Best for Joints?

3. Does oral hyaluronic acid alleviate joint pain?

The oral bioavailability of HA has been a subject of research emphasis. The clinical evidence available presently suggests that certain molecular-weight oral HA is incompletely absorbed but demonstrates improvement of joint symptoms, though its effects are typically more delayed compared to injections.

4. What are the side effects of hyaluronic acid joint injections?

Intra-articular HA injection is also safe. Injection-site pain or inflammation is a common mild reaction occasionally seen in a few patients. Severe side effects are exceedingly rare.

 

Product Recommendations

Our injection-grade HA is mainly used for intra-articular and intraocular injections. It also serves in orthopedic surgery, human/animal (e.g., horses, dogs) joint dysfunction treatment, post-surgical adhesion prevention, and drug delivery.

Product Code Molecular Weight (Da) Intrinsic Viscosity (m³/kg)
HA-EP1.8-SC 800K–1,300K 1.44–2.12
HA-EP2.4-SC 1,300K–1,800K 2.12–2.72
HA-EP3.0-SC 1,800K–2,500K 2.72–3.53
HA-EPC-SC Customized Customized

IV. Hyaluronic Acid for Scalp

 Is hyaluronic acid good for hair?

1. Is hyaluronic acid good for hair?

Yes. HA preserves scalp moisture and enhances hair luster. It really makes a big difference for hydrating hair, particularly dry or damaged hair.

2. Can normal hyaluronic acid be applied to the scalp?

Skincare-grade HA can be applied to the scalp, but concentration and formulation are important. For best outcomes, use hair-care products formulated specifically considering scalp physiology.

3. Is hyaluronic acid in shampoos safe?

HA shampoos are safe. Keep in mind that other shampoo ingredients can have an impact on HA stability. Always test the whole formula for compatibility.

Conclusion

We hope this guide helps you understand and use hyaluronic acid products more effectively. For professional inquiries, please contact us: Get A Quote.

[1] Hui Xing, Xiangjun Pan, Yihan Hu, High molecular weight hyaluronic acid-liposome delivery system for efficient transdermal treatment of acute and chronic skin photodamage, Acta Biomaterialia, Volume 182, 2024, Pages 171-187, ISSN 1742-7061, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2024.05.026.

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