Honokiol: Benefits and Applications

Honokiol is one of the more prominent bioactive compounds isolated from the bark, seed cones, and leaves of the Magnolia tree, specifically the offgrand and the magnolia grandiflora. In terms of its chemistry, Honokiol is a type of biphenolic lignan because it has two phenol rings. Its structure is one of the factors contributing to the strong bioactivity exhibited by this compound. Another important aspect is its solubility. Honokiol is soluble in ethanol, methanol, and DMSO in moderate proportions but is not water-soluble.

Health Benefits of Honokiol

Honokiol has been extensively investigated due to its various biological effects. It has most commonly been recognized for its potent antioxidant effects, thanks to which it has been found to offer protection to cells from oxidative damage. It also has notable anti-inflammatory effects, due to which it has been found to be beneficial for joint health.

Moreover, the compound exhibits efficacy in inducing relaxation and modulating normal sleep patterns as a result of its activity as a GABA receptor modulator in the brain. Initial studies have also demonstrated potential application in the area of neurological health as a neuroprotective agent. In addition to that, it has also been found to possess anticancer properties.

Applications of Honokiol

Owing to its multifaceted advantages, honokiol is employed in a number of business types. In the nutraceutical industry, it is added to health supplements aimed at stress relief, improved sleep, and brain health. In the cosmetic industry, honokiol is prized for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making it an appropriate ingredient in anti-aging and skin soothing products. The pharmaceutical industry is studying its potential applications in the development of medications for neurological and inflammatory disorders.

Magnolol: Benefits and Applications

Another major active compound in Magnolia bark is Magnolol, which is commonly found along with Honokiol. Its structure is similar to that of Honokiol, being biphenolic. However, it differs slightly in terms of functional group arrangement. Similar to Honokiol, it is more soluble in organic solvents than in water.

Health Benefits of Magnolol

Magnolol is very well known for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It also has potent antimicrobial and antifungal actions and thus can be very effective in either boosting the immune system or maintaining a healthy microbial balance.

Magnolol has gained attention for its potential application and role in maintaining and supporting human metabolism, specifically within the regulation of lipids and cardiovascular function. There have also been findings suggesting that it can help support optimal cholesterol and healthy liver function. Moreover, magnolol can also support oral health through its antibacterial properties.

Applications of Magnolol

Magnolol is typically found in supplements that aid in boosting the immune system, preventing diseases associated with metabolism, and maintaining the health of the cardiovascular system. As an antimicrobial agent, magnolol is incorporated into various oral health supplements such as toothpaste and mouthwashes. In the cosmetic industry, magnolol is used as an antioxidant agent to combat aging skin.

Honokiol and Magnolol: Relationship and Differences

Honokiol and magnolol are both extracted from the bark of Magnolia species, which accounts for their many similarities. They are often extracted together.

Honokiol and Magnolol Similarities

• Chemical Properties: Both compounds are biphenolic. Their chemical structures are almost alike. Both compounds are poorly soluble in water. They are soluble in organic solvents.
• Health Uses: These two molecules demonstrate high antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. They can be used to protect cells and the immune system and provide stress relief.
• Applications: Honokiol and magnolol are utilized in health supplements, cosmetics, and a few medications for similar uses, including stress relief, skincare, and the stimulation of the immune system.
• Applicability: Both are less water-soluble. This could be an area of concern when it comes to product development. Further clinical research has to be done to validate them.

Honokiol and Magnolol Synergistic Effects

When used in combination, the effects of honokiol and magnolol can complement each other. The combination usually results in a stronger antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect than using each compound. The combination can be an essential ingredient in health supplements designed for comprehensive health support.

Key Differences between Honokiol and Magnolol

Despite their similarities, honokiol and magnolol exhibit distinct bioactivities. Honokiol is more frequently studied for its effects on the nervous system, such as promoting relaxation, improving sleep, and offering neuroprotection. Magnolol, on the other hand, is often highlighted for its antimicrobial, metabolic, and cardiovascular benefits. Their slight structural differences influence how they interact with biological targets and how they are metabolized in the body.

Table 1. Key Differences between Honokiol and Magnolol

Separation and Purification

In industrial production, honokiol and magnolol can be separated and purified by using advanced chromatography, such as HPLC. As a result, a manufacturer can produce honokiol and magnolol of a desired purity or ratio, depending on the final use of these compounds. In this case, accurately separating honokiol and magnolol is crucial for maintaining consistent quality and effectiveness.

Conclusion

Honokiol and magnolol are two of the most important bioactive compounds derived from Magnolia bark. While they share many similarities, each offers unique benefits that make them valuable for a range of health and wellness applications. Whether used individually or in combination, these compounds provide significant opportunities for innovation in nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Stanford Chemicals Company offers over 1,300 herbal extract products, including Honokiol and Magnolol. If you require any of our products, please feel free to contact us for a quote.

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Vitamin C: A Versatile Antioxidant

Ascorbic acid, sodium ascorbyl phosphate, and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate—common ingredients in skincare products—are all forms of vitamin C. Each type offers distinct skin benefits. Overall, the advantages of vitamin C for the skin include:

• Antioxidant protection
• Promotion of collagen synthesis
• Reduction of dark spots
• Repair of UV damage
• Improvement of skin barrier function

The Multiple Benefits of Vitamin C for Skin

Vitamin C is essential for maintaining skin health. It helps delay signs of aging, brighten the complexion, and strengthen the skin’s defense through various mechanisms.

1. It neutralizes free radicals, reducing oxidative stress and damage to the skin.
2. It also acts as a cofactor for collagen-synthesizing enzymes, supporting the formation of collagen fibers. A deficiency in vitamin C can lead to insufficient collagen production and reduced skin elasticity.
3. Besides inhibiting melanin production, vitamin C can convert existing melanin into a colorless state. Therefore, it helps improve issues such as melasma and post-acne marks.
4. It also regulates the secretion of inflammatory factors, alleviating redness, stinging, and sensitivity, thereby boosting the skin’s tolerance to external irritants.

Limitations of Vitamin C in Skincare

The strong reducing power of vitamin C gives it potent skincare benefits, but it also makes the compound chemically unstable. High temperatures, direct sunlight, and metal ions can easily trigger oxidation. Once oxidized, vitamin C loses its efficacy and may turn yellowish. This is a common concern for some people using ascorbic acid-based products.

Moreover, ascorbic acid requires an appropriate pH to penetrate effectively. In environments with a pH above 3.5, its lactone ring is prone to hydrolysis or oxidation, leading to inactivation. Thus, storing and using vitamin C skincare requires extra care.

In addition, high concentrations of vitamin C can irritate skin because of its acidity and strong penetrating ability. Some individuals may experience stinging, redness, or itching after using high-potency vitamin C products. And those having sensitive skin are more susceptible.

Ferulic Acid: A Potent Antioxidant

Ferulic acid, a hydroxycinnamic acid, belongs to a class of phenolic compounds with antioxidant properties. It is most commonly found in plant seeds and leaves, especially in bran and whole grains. As a popular active ingredient in skincare, ferulic acid offers the following key benefits:

• Antioxidant protection
• Anti-inflammatory and soothing effects
• Reduction of dark spots
• Photoprotection
• Enhanced absorption of other ingredients

The Multiple Benefits of Ferulic Acid for Skin

It works by neutralizing free radicals, inhibiting melanin production, and reducing UV damage.

1. Like vitamin C, ferulic acid powerfully quenches free radicals and diminishes oxidative stress. It is often incorporated with vitamins C and E due to the synergistic increase in overall effectiveness it produces.
2. Ferulic acid decreases redness and sensitivity, especially suitable for skin with acne or rosacea, through the suppression of inflammatory mediators like TNF-α and IL-6.
3. Ferulic acid suppresses pathways of melanin production and accelerates the metabolism of already existing pigmentation. It is hence of great assistance in evening out skin tone and fading dark spots.
4. As a natural photostabilizer, it absorbs certain wavelengths of UV light (particularly UVA), reducing the risk of photodamage and photoaging. It is often used in combination with sunscreens as a filter agent.
5. Ferulic acid can regulate skin permeability, promoting the permeation of other key ingredients, hyaluronic acid, and niacinamide, thereby potentiating the final result of skincare products.

Side Effects of Ferulic Acid

Some people may suffer from skin irritation, photosensitivity, or allergy while using ferulic acid. The possible dangers may or may not be triggered depending on the concentration or manner of ferulic acid consumption.

Synergistic Effects of Vitamin C and Ferulic Acid

Currently, one of the most effective daytime antioxidant formulations in dermatological research is: 15–20% L-ascorbic acid + 1% vitamin E + 0.5% ferulic acid. This combination is not merely additive—it produces a synergistic effect where “1+1+1 > 10.”

According to research from the Duke University Department of Dermatology, ferulic acid can boost the combined antioxidant efficacy of vitamins C and E by approximately eightfold.

The biggest drawback of vitamin C is its extreme instability—it oxidizes, yellows, and loses potency easily in aqueous solutions. Ferulic acid, in contrast, is highly stable, resistant to oxidation, and tolerant of heat and light. Thus, ferulic acid significantly slows down the oxidation process of vitamin C, prolonging its activity and the product’s shelf life. Additionally, this combination promotes the production of thiamine dimer, which further protects the skin.

FAQ: Vitamin C and Ferulic Acid

1: Why use Vitamin C or ferulic acid?

They replenish skin antioxidants, fight free radicals from UV rays, and help prevent aging and damage.

2: What’s the main difference between Vitamin C and ferulic acid?

Vitamin C boosts collagen and brightens skin, but it is unstable. Ferulic acid is very stable, reduces inflammation, and protects against UV damage.

3: Can I use Vitamin C and ferulic acid together?

Yes, they work best together. Ferulic acid stabilizes Vitamin C and boosts its antioxidant power.

4: What are Vitamin C’s drawbacks?

It can oxidize, irritate sensitive skin at high concentrations, and requires careful storage.

5: What are ferulic acid’s side effects?

It’s generally well-tolerated but can cause irritation or increased sun sensitivity in some people.

6: What is the best antioxidant combination?

A blend of 15-20% L-ascorbic acid (Vitamin C), 1% Vitamin E, and 0.5% ferulic acid is considered highly effective for daytime protection.

Recommended Products

Vitamin C (Purity 99%)

Ferulic acid(Purity ≥99%)

The post Vitamin C vs. Ferulic Acid: Which Is Better? appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

How Does Melatonin Help You Sleep?

It’s essential first to understand how it functions in the human body.

Melatonin, often referred to as the “sleep hormone,” is primarily secreted by the pineal gland in the brain. Its production is regulated by light exposure. When night falls and ambient light dims, the retina signals the brain, prompting the pineal gland to increase melatonin secretion. Think of this substance as the body’s natural “sleep switch”—it tells your brain and body, “It’s dark, time to prepare for sleep.”

The pineal gland secretes melatonin

More specifically, melatonin helps shorten the time it takes to fall asleep and reduces nighttime awakenings, thereby improving overall sleep quality.

Melatonin secretion is influenced by two key factors:

Circadian Rhythm: Generally, melatonin levels decrease during the day and gradually rise at night. The secretion level at night directly affects sleep quality. Disruption of the circadian rhythm can lead to abnormal melatonin production.

Age: As people age, melatonin secretion declines. In the elderly, melatonin levels may drop to just one-tenth of their peak, making them more prone to sleep disorders.

Circadian rhythm: Melatonin and cortisol cycles, Image source: Life’s Chemistry Press

Melatonin Only Treats Two Types of Insomnia

One type is age-related primary insomnia. With aging, the natural decline in melatonin production makes older adults more susceptible to sleep issues. For this type of insomnia, melatonin supplementation is generally effective—particularly for patients over 55, with treatment durations of 6–12 months showing notable improvements in sleep quality and good safety profiles.

The other type is sleep disorders caused by circadian rhythm disruptions, commonly seen in shift workers or travelers with jet lag. These result from inverted sleep-wake cycles disturbing natural melatonin secretion. In such cases, appropriate melatonin use can help realign the melatonin rhythm with the sleep cycle and enhance sleep quality.

However, melatonin is not effective for secondary insomnia caused by underlying health conditions, psychological issues, or emotional fluctuations. Since these are unrelated to reduced melatonin secretion, supplementing with melatonin won’t help.

Is Melatonin Safe?

In medical practice, melatonin is recognized for several advantages: it’s endogenous, effective at low doses, low in toxicity, and non-habit-forming.

Many studies indicate that short-term, low-dose melatonin has minimal impact on the body. Especially when compared to some prescription sleep aids, it shows no significant side effects. As a result, melatonin is not strictly regulated in the United States.

That said, there’s no consistent conclusion regarding the long-term safety of melatonin. Some studies suggest that long-term overuse may interfere with the body’s natural melatonin production. Excessive intake can also lead to drowsiness and reduced mental alertness.

How Should Melatonin Be Taken?

Since melatonin clears from the body relatively quickly, it’s best taken 1–2 hours before bedtime.

For most adults simply looking to improve sleep, starting with a low dose of 0.5 mg to 1 mg is the wisest and safest approach. If ineffective, the dose can be gradually increased, though it’s generally not recommended to exceed 5–10 mg.

It’s especially important to note that melatonin isn’t suitable for everyone. The following groups should avoid it:

① Pregnant or breastfeeding women

② Individuals with depression or psychiatric conditions

③ Those operating vehicles or machinery

④ Adolescents and individuals with autoimmune diseases

Additionally, melatonin can interact with various medications, potentially reducing their efficacy. It should not be taken together with drugs such as aspirin, ibuprofen, or indomethacin.

Stanford Chemicals Company (SCC) supplies 99% pure melatonin powder, along with a wide range of other food and nutraceutical raw materials such as Chondroitin Sulfate, Vitamin K3, Dihydromyricetin, Magnolol…

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Surfactants are special chemicals that can make liquids mix more. The word was named as a combination of “surface active agent.” These chemicals work by reducing the tension between two unlike materials, like two liquids or a liquid and something solid.

Every surfactant molecule contains two prominent parts. One is a hydrophilic group, or water-attracting, and contains groups like -OH or -COOH. The other is a hydrophobic group, or water-repelling but oil-attracting, and contains groups like alkyl chains. These two opposite parts are joined within one molecule.

Fig 1. Molecular Structure of Surfactants

This unique shape gives surfactants their special abilities. They get to touch water and oil at the same time, but they don’t belong to either one. That’s why they’re so useful in so many things we put on ourselves daily. The water-attracting side sticks to water, while the oil-attracting side sticks to oils or dirt. Together, these actions help surfactants clean, mix, and do many other important jobs.

Properties and Functions of Surfactants

Surfactants exhibit exceptional efficiency in reducing surface and interfacial tension. Above critical concentrations, they form molecularly ordered assemblies, enabling diverse functional applications.

Properties

1. Surface Tension Reduction

Surfactants markedly decrease liquid surface tension. Their molecules align directionally at liquid surfaces, forming monolayers that alter intermolecular interactions and reduce surface tension.

2. Micelle Formation

Micelles are aggregates with hydrophobic cores and hydrophilic exterrons, typically adopting spherical, lamellar, or rod-like structures. At low concentrations, surfactants disperse as monomers or adsorb at interfaces to lower tension. When surface saturation prevents further adsorption (Fig. 2a-b), molecules migrate into the bulk solution. Hydrophobic moieties exhibit low affinity for water but strong mutual attraction, leading to self-association into micelles beyond critical concentrations (Fig. 2c-d).

Fig 2. Micellization Process of Surfactants

Functions

These unique properties enable multiple functions:

1. Emulsification: Stabilizes oil-water mixtures by surrounding hydrophobic oil droplets with hydrophilic groups, forming homogeneous emulsions and preventing phase separation.
2. Wetting: Enhances water spreading on hydrophobic surfaces (e.g., grease, wax) by reducing solid-liquid interfacial tension.
3. Solubilization: Hydrophobic substances (e.g., oils) become encapsulated within micelle cores, effectively “dissolving” in water. Solubilization capacity depends on hydrophobic chain length, saturation, and surfactant type.
4. Dispersion: Adsorbs onto solid particles to prevent aggregation and stabilize suspensions.
5. Foaming: Reduces gas-liquid interfacial tension to promote foam formation and stability.

Types of Surfactants

Since surfactants usually exist in water systems, their hydrophilic groups are dissolved through ionic interactions or hydrogen bonding. So the most common categorization is based on hydrophilic groups. Depending upon the nature of ions formed by the hydrophilic groups, surfactants are classified in four broad categories: anionic, cationic, amphoteric, and nonionic.

Anionic Surfactants

If a surfactant can ionize in water, we refer to it as an ionic surfactant. If the active group on ionization is an anion, i.e., a negatively charged ion, it is called an anionic surfactant. Anionic surfactants are the earliest developed, highest-producing, and most industrialized line of products of this industry. These chemicals have good detergency, but are usually sensitive to hard water.

Cationic Surfactants

Contrary to anionic surfactants, if the active group after ionization is a cation, or a positively charged ion, then it is known as a cationic surfactant. The hydrophilic portion is primarily a nitrogen-containing cationic group, but could be a phosphorus-, sulfur-, or iodine-containing cationic group. A few common compounds are benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, and benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride. Cationic surfactants are effective sterilizing, antistatic, softening, and emulsifying agents but poor detergents. Some of their applications are shown in the figure 3 below.

Fig 3. cationic surfactant uses

Amphoteric Surfactant

An amphoteric surfactant is a molecule that ionizes when dissolved in water and possesses a hydrophilic portion with both positive and negative charges at different sites.

Common Varieties:

• Lecithin: Lecithin occurs naturally and is mainly present in soybeans and egg yolks. It is heat-sensitive and hydrolyzed under acidic, alkaline, or esterase conditions. It is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as chloroform, ether, and petroleum ether. It is one of the key excipients employed in injectable emulsions and lipid particles.
• Amino acids and betaines: They are chemically synthesized. They exhibit surfactant characteristics similar to anionic surfactants in alkaline aqueous solutions with satisfactory foam and detergency. They are similar to cationic surfactants in acid solutions and exhibit excellent sterilization capability.

Amphoteric surfactants cost more to produce, and as such, their market share is comparatively low. Their excellent compatibility and synergy when mixed with others make them extremely flexible in formulation building.

Nonionic Surfactants

The most robust feature of nonionic surfactants compared to the others is that they are unable to ionize in a water solution. Rather, they exist as molecules, not as ions. Their hydrophobic moieties within the molecules are the same as those in ionic surfactants, but their hydrophilic groups are functional groups that can hydrogen bond with water, such as ether groups or free hydroxyl groups. These functional groups occur similarly in general compounds like ethylene oxide, polyols, and ethanolamines.

Advantages:

• Non-ionic surfactants lack acidic groups in their molecular structure, thus preventing precipitation with metal ions and resistance to hard water.
• Their electrically neutral molecules are not affected by strong electrolytes.
• As their molecules do not have acidic or basic groups, their performance remains constant irrespective of solution pH.
• They have very good compatibility with ionic surfactants without any reaction, permitting mixed use.

In the synthesis of nanomaterials, non-ionic surfactants exhibit specific benefits. Their low critical micelle concentration (CMC) makes micelle formation simple in aqueous solutions, resulting in extensive usage in the production of nanoparticles.

Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance (HLB)

The HLB value quantifies the relative affinity of surfactant molecules for water (hydrophilic) and oil (lipophilic). Proposed by Griffin in 1949, it ranges from 0 (paraffin, fully hydrophobic) to 20 (polyoxyethylene, fully hydrophilic). Modern surfactants like sodium lauryl sulfate may reach HLB 40.

Higher HLB indicates stronger hydrophilicity; lower values denote greater lipophilicity. Note that molecular structure, temperature, and electrolyte concentration influence practical performance.

HLB-Application Correlations:

• W/O emulsifiers: 3–6
• O/W emulsifiers: 8–18
• Solubilizers: 13–18
• Wetting/dispersing agents: 7–9
• Detergents: 13–16

Fig 4. HLB Ranges for Surfactant Applications

Surfactants in Daily Life and Industry

Surfactants are added to many of the products we consume every day. They play an important part in household products like shampoos, soaps, and detergents. Surfactants work to clean by breaking up dirt and grease. Around two-thirds of household surfactant use is applied in personal care products. They are found in hair conditioners, skin creams, and other cosmetics.

They are also for even more purposes in factories and businesses. They soften cosmetics and make them easier to put on. Food manufacturers use them to combine ingredients that would not mix otherwise. Drug companies use them to add potency to medication. They’re also used to clean hospitals and sterilize equipment. These special chemicals allow many different types of businesses to create better products. From soap in the bathroom to medication in hospitals, surfactants make modern life possible.

For more information on surfactant properties and applications, please contact Stanford Chemicals Company.

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You know that tangy, refreshing taste of lemons and oranges? That’s partly thanks to citric acid—a natural compound found in citrus fruits. When this zesty acid teams up with minerals like calcium, magnesium, or sodium, they form what scientists call “citrates.”

These versatile compounds are like the Swiss Army knives of the chemical world. Because they dissolve easily, stay stable, and play nice with our bodies, you’ll find them working behind the scenes in everything from sodas to medications.

Citrates generally exhibit the following properties:

• High water solubility: Easily dissolves in water, making it suitable for liquid medications or food additives.
• Chelation: Binds metal ions to prevent oxidation or precipitation, serving functions like anticoagulation and water softening.
• pH regulation: Some citrates are weakly alkaline and can adjust the acidity or alkalinity of food or pharmaceuticals.

Why Are Citrates Important?

Citrates play a crucial role in food, pharmacy, chemical technology, and biological metabolism.

1. They are widely used in food processing as preservatives, acidity regulators, and stabilizers.
2. They have critical roles in the medical area, which include:

• Sodium citrate in blood transfusions to prevent clotting,
• Calcium citrate for calcium supplementation,
• Ferric Citrate for iron supplementation,
• Potassium citrate for the prevention of kidney stones,[1]
• Magnesium citrate for treating constipation.

3. They are also significant players in biological metabolism. Citrate is a critical intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in human organisms, with a direct role in energy metabolism.[2]
4. Owing to their metal-chelating property, citrates find applications in heavy metal removal in industrial wastewater treatment.

4 Common Types of Citrates

Different citrates have different applications and activities depending upon which metal ions they chelate.

1. Sodium Citrate

Sodium citrate is the most important citrate, which is produced primarily by fermentation of starchy material to yield citric acid and then neutralizing it with alkaline substances. Since its raw material is grain, it is totally safe and innocuous to human health.

Sodium citrate finds application in a wide range:

• Anticoagulant: Used in blood transfusion or storage by chelating calcium ions with a view to preventing clotting.
• Retarder: Similarly, in construction, sodium citrate can be added to concrete as a retarder, improving freeze resistance, compressive strength, and tensile performance.
• Food additive: Controls acidity (e.g., in carbonated drinks, jams) or acts as an emulsifier (e.g., in cheese).
• Urinary alkalinizer: Prevents uric acid stones and enhances the solubility of certain drugs (e.g., antibiotics).
• Electroplating: Environmentally friendly, low-maintenance, minimally corrosive, high-quality coatings are the outcomes of neutral citrate nickel plating.

2. Magnesium Citrate

Magnesium citrate is a compound of magnesium carbonate and citric acid. Doctors often prescribe it as a supplement for magnesium deficiency. Magnesium citrate has better absorption and bioavailability compared to magnesium oxide or sulfate. Medically, it draws water into the intestines to cause motility and thus is a good laxative to relieve constipation.

Functions:

• Laxative: High doses promote bowel movements for constipation or colon cleansing.
• Magnesium supplement: Prevents magnesium deficiency. Magnesium is the fourth most abundant mineral in the body, half of which is deposited in bones and teeth, and the rest in tissues and vital organs. It aids in the production of energy, supports brain and heart function, and helps maintain stable blood pressure.
• Food stabilizer: Included in beverages and nutritional supplements.

3. Calcium Citrate

Calcium citrate is an organic food supplement compound. It is better absorbed than inorganic calcium and is used as an ingredient in numerous foods like infant formula, juices, dairy, powdered drinks, sports beverages, milk, soy milk, supplements, and cereal. Its absorption is stomach acid-independent, so it is suitable for people with low stomach acid, particularly when taken on an empty stomach.

4. Ferric Citrate

Ferric Citrate（Iron citrate）is an iron ion-citric acid compound FeC₆H₅O₇. It is a water-soluble iron salt widely used in medicine, food fortification, and industry.

Applications:

• Iron supplement: For the treatment of iron-deficiency anemia. Kindler is on the stomach than ferrous sulfate.
• Food fortifier: Applied to cereals and powdered milk to fortify with iron.
• Water treatment: Applied to remove heavy metals or phosphates from water.

Comparison with Other Iron Supplements:

Stanford Chemical Company (SCC) is a trusted supplier specializing in hyaluronic acid, herbal extracts, and food additives. We provide high-quality citrates tailored to your needs. For more product details, please visit: Citrates

People Also Ask

Q1: What’s the difference between citrate and citric acid?

A: Citric acid is a free acid with a sour taste, while citrates are its metal ion-neutralized forms, typically less bitter in flavor and more practical.

Q2: Does magnesium citrate really relieve constipation?

A: Yes. High-dose magnesium citrate increases intestinal water content, allowing for bowel movements. It’s typically taken for temporary constipation relief or colon cleansing.

Q3: Which is better for calcium supplementation—calcium citrate or calcium carbonate?

A: Low stomach acid patients should take calcium citrate. Calcium carbonate is of greater calcium value but has to be taken with food for optimal absorption.

Q4: Why does sodium citrate prevent blood clotting?

A: It sequesters calcium ions, which are essential for clotting, in the blood and does not allow coagulation. That’s why it’s used with blood storage for transfusions.

Q5: Are there natural sources of citrate?

A: There are trace amounts of natural citrates found in citrus fruits, but industrially used citrates are chemically synthesized.

Read more:

Case Study: SCC Supplies Ferric Ammonium Citrate with 20.5-22.5% Iron Content

[1] Ettinger B, Pak CY, Citron JT, Thomas C, Adams-Huet B, Vangessel A. Potassium-magnesium citrate is an effective prophylaxis against recurrent calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. J Urol. 1997 Dec;158(6):2069-73. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(01)68155-2. PMID: 9366314.

[2] Choi I, Son H, Baek JH. Tricarboxylic Acid (TCA) Cycle Intermediates: Regulators of Immune Responses. Life (Basel). 2021 Jan 19;11(1):69. doi: 10.3390/life11010069. PMID: 33477822; PMCID: PMC7832849.

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What is Hyaluronic Acid

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a natural glycosaminoglycan that occurs in connective tissue, skin, joint fluid, and the eye. HA has extremely high water-holding capabilities, allowing it to retain and bind an enormous amount of water. For this reason, hyaluronic acid occurs in cosmetics to provide moisture. In addition, HA serves lubricating and repairing functions and is used extensively in joint lubrication and cellular repair.

Benefits and Uses of Hyaluronic Acid for skin, eyes, and joints:

• Moisturizing: HA can hold between thousands of times its own weight in water, greatly enhancing skin hydration and erasing fine lines and wrinkles.
• Joint Lubrication: HA is utilized as a joint lubricant, reducing friction, joint pain, and improving joint function in patients with arthritis.
• Tissue Repair Stimulation: HA accelerates cell regeneration and tissue repair, wound healing, and scarring prevention.
• Ophthalmic Applications: In ophthalmic surgeries such as cataract surgery, HA is being used as a viscoelastic substance for supporting intraocular structures and protecting eye tissue.

What is Hyaluronic Acid Powder

Hyaluronic acid powder is the solid form of hyaluronic acid obtained through a drying process, typically supplied as a fine powder.

Fig 1. Pure Injection-Grade Sodium Hyaluronate Powder

How is Hyaluronic Acid Powder Produced in Industry

Hyaluronic acid has been classically obtained from animal tissues, specifically chicken combs or sturgeon bladders. With advancements in technology, biological fermentation, especially bacterial fermentation, has become the mainstream industrial method. This method is safer and more environmentally friendly compared to animal extraction.

Reference: How is Sodium Hyaluronate Powder Made

The majority of applications require the purity of sodium hyaluronate to be high, such as injection in medical or joint usage. Therefore, after extraction, hyaluronic acid undergoes a series of purification processes. Filtration and centrifugation are included to remove impurities and unwanted compounds.

The purified hyaluronic acid is typically concentrated by evaporation or other processes. The concentrated solution of HA can be further adjusted to the desired concentration.

To transform it into powder, the concentrated solution is dried. Spray drying and freeze-drying are commonly employed. Spray drying uses hot air to evaporate the liquid rapidly into powder, while freeze-drying evaporates the water at a low temperature to maintain the activity of the hyaluronic acid. The dried hyaluronic acid exists in the form of fine particles, which are sieved and filled into HA powder.

Advantages of Powder Form vs Other Forms

In addition to the powder form, hyaluronic acid is also available in liquid and gel forms. Compared to these, hyaluronic acid powder has a longer shelf life, higher stability, and is more convenient for storage and transportation.

Table 1. Powder Form vs Liquid Form vs Gel Form

How to Use Hyaluronic Acid Powder

When using hyaluronic acid powder, solubility and concentration are key factors that directly impact the final result.

Solubility

Hyaluronic acid in a dry state cannot carry out its intended actions. HA needs to be dissolved in order to form a gel-like network where it exhibits moisturizing, lubricating, and other effects. The powder is to be dissolved in a proper amount of solvents to prepare the required concentration solution or gel. Dissolution method matters for achieving the desired effect. Inadequate dissolution may lead to undissolved particles, affecting both user experience and effectiveness.

It should be noted that the solubility of HA varies in various solvents. HA is freely soluble in water and moderately soluble in glycerol, but has very poor solubility in oils, ethanol, methanol, and alcohol.

Table 2: Optimal Conditions for Dissolving Hyaluronic Acid in Different Solvents

In addition, temperature, pH, stirring, and time affect HA dissolution. For detailed instructions, please see my previous article: Solubility of Sodium Hyaluronate in Different Solvents and Its Influencing Factors

Tips for Dissolution:

1. Use the solution as soon as possible after dissolving to avoid excessive exposure to air, which can cause bacterial growth or breakdown of active ingredients.
2. Precipitation or clumping upon dissolution can be due to water that is too hot or of poor quality. Change the ratio and water temperature if this occurs.

Hyaluronic Acid Concentration

Concentration is also important when using hyaluronic acid (HA) powder. The concentration affects HA’s effectiveness, feel, how long it lasts, and where it can be used.

How HA Concentration Affects Effectiveness

Different HA concentrations work for different needs. Low concentrations (0.1%-0.5%) are good for daily skincare, while high concentrations (1%-2%) are used for anti-aging treatments or medical injections, like joint lubrication and eye treatments.

Controlling concentration helps HA work better. Higher concentrations give stronger hydration and repair but may feel sticky. But too high can cause discomfort. Too low may not provide enough moisture or repair.

How to Control Concentration

The key to controlling hyaluronic acid concentration is accurately calculating the ratio of powder to solvent. For example, to create a 1% hyaluronic acid solution, you would dissolve 1g of hyaluronic acid powder in 100ml of water. You can adjust the amount of powder based on your specific needs. For oral supplements, lower concentrations (0.1%-0.5%) are typically used, while medical treatments use higher concentrations (1%-2%) for more pronounced effects.

Conclusion

Hyaluronic acid powder offers versatility and stability, making it an excellent option for a variety of applications, from skincare to medical uses. By controlling solubility and concentration, you can tailor the powder to meet specific needs, ensuring effective and safe use.

Stanford Chemical Company (SCC) is a professional hyaluronic acid (HA) powder supplier.

SCC provides high-purity, high-quality, and safe sodium hyaluronate powder, including:

• Food-grade
• Cosmetic-grade
• Medical-grade
• Injection-grade

All SCC hyaluronic acid products are produced through bacterial fermentation, ensuring safety and reliability.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) About Hyaluronic Acid Powder

1. What should I look for in hyaluronic acid powder for skincare products?

Choose powder that is over 95% pure. Make sure it comes in different molecular weights (50-2,000 kDa). Check that it meets ISO 22526 standards for microbes.

2. What’s the difference between medical and cosmetic grade hyaluronic acid powder?

Medical grade powder must pass endotoxin tests and have GMP certification. Cosmetic grade powder has stricter rules for heavy metals.

3. Can I use hyaluronic acid powder for injections?
Yes, but only if the powder has no endotoxins. It must also use approved sterilization methods.

4. How should I store large amounts of this hyaluronic acid powder?

Keep it in sealed containers. Store below 25°C with 60% humidity. For long storage, use nitrogen-filled packaging.

5. Does SCC provide product documents?

Yes. SCC gives you all needed papers. This includes quality certificates (COA), safety sheets (MSDS), and test reports.

The post What is Hyaluronic Acid Powder? Benefits and Usage appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

What is Fisetin

Fisetin (C₁₅H₁₀O₆) is a natural flavonoid compound. It can be extracted from the lacquer tree and is widely found in vegetables and fruits such as strawberries, apples, onions, and cucumbers. Fisetin is a yellow crystalline powder that is nearly insoluble in water but easily soluble in organic solvents like ethanol, acetone, and acetic acid.

It is also a high-molecular pharmaceutical raw material with diverse uses. It can be utilized in the development of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer drugs, as well as serving as an antioxidant and immune booster. What’s more, it is used in cosmetics for its anti-aging properties.

Table 1. Physicochemical Properties of Fisetin

While fisetin is widely present in foods such as strawberries and apples, and can be obtained through a normal diet, this intake primarily serves as a daily source of dietary antioxidants for general health maintenance. However, to achieve effects such as clearing senescent cells or supporting neurohealth, a daily intake of approximately 100 mg may be required. Such a dosage is clearly difficult to attain through regular dietary means alone.

1. Antioxidant: The Mighty Guardian Against Oxidation

It boasts strong antioxidant capabilities, offering numerous benefits.

–Fisetin Benefits in Antioxidant

Fisetin neutralizes free radicals and reduces oxidative stress-induced cellular damage. Studies show it enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the body, lowering oxidative stress levels and protecting cells from oxidative damage.

–Applications Based on Antioxidant Properties:

Fisetin’s potent antioxidant capacity holds vast potential in pharmaceuticals, health supplements, cosmetics, and the food industry.

• Drug Development: Used in the development of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and neuroprotective drugs.
• Dietary Supplements: Acts as an antioxidant and immune booster, enhancing immunity and delaying aging.
• Anti-Aging Products: Incorporated into anti-aging and antioxidant skincare products to protect the skin from free radical damage.
• Natural Antioxidant: Used as a food additive to extend shelf life and maintain freshness.

2. Anti-Inflammatory: Relieving Inflammation Troubles

Fisetin exhibits significant anti-inflammatory effects, making it a potential candidate for novel anti-inflammatory drugs.

–How Fisetin Fights Inflammation

Fisetin primarily modulates multiple inflammation-related signaling pathways and molecules:

• Inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators and reduces the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6).
• Suppresses NF-κB activation, reducing its translocation to the nucleus and lowering the expression of inflammation-related genes.
• Inhibits MAPK signaling pathways (e.g., ERK, JNK, p38 MAPK), reducing the production and release of inflammatory mediators.
• Suppresses the activation of immune cells like macrophages and neutrophils, decreasing their release of inflammatory mediators.

–Applications Based on Anti-Inflammatory Effects:

Fisetin shows significant value in treating inflammation-related diseases, managing chronic inflammation, and developing anti-inflammatory products. It alleviates inflammatory responses, reducing pain and discomfort. Currently, it is a common ingredient in anti-inflammatory and pain-relief medications and offers potential for treating arthritis, neuroinflammation, and cardiovascular inflammation.[1]

3. Memory Enhancement: The Brain’s Natural Booster

Research shows that fisetin improves memory and cognitive function in aging animals.

–Why Does Fisetin Enhance Memory

Fisetin offers multifaceted benefits for the brain and memory. Its antioxidant properties protect the brain from oxidative damage. Like other flavonoids, it increases glutathione (GSH) levels in brain cells. Glutathione is a critical antioxidant vital for brain cell function and health, and its levels directly impact antioxidant capacity, inflammation response, detoxification, and overall brain health.

Additionally, fisetin promotes the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a substance that supports neuron survival, growth, and synaptic plasticity. Elevated BDNF levels enhance learning and memory. Fisetin also modulates multiple memory-related signaling pathways, such as regulating NMDA receptor activity to promote synaptic plasticity, thereby improving memory. Furthermore, it enhances mitochondrial energy metabolism, ensuring sufficient energy supply for brain cells and supporting normal brain function.

–Applications for Memory Enhancement:

• Neurodegenerative Disease Treatment: Improves memory and cognition, slowing disease progression in conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s.
• Brain Injury Repair: Promotes neural repair and functional recovery post-injury through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
• Memory-Boosting Supplements: Dietary supplements to enhance memory and focus in the elderly, students, and professionals.
• Functional Foods: Beverages and snacks that help consumers incorporate fisetin into their daily diet for improved memory.

4. Antibacterial: A Natural Antimicrobial Powerhouse

Fisetin effectively inhibits the growth of various bacteria, disrupts bacterial cell structures, and reduces infection risks.

–Fisetin Benefits in Antimicrobial

Fisetin inhibits multiple bacteria and fungi, including E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It also prevents bacterial biofilm formation, reducing bacterial attachment and proliferation, thereby lowering infection risks.

Antimicrobial Mechanisms:

• Disrupts bacterial cell membrane integrity, causing cell content leakage and bacterial death.
• Inhibits key bacterial enzyme activity, interfering with metabolic processes and bacterial growth.
• Disrupts bacterial DNA replication, inhibiting bacterial proliferation.

–Applications Based on Antimicrobial Effects:

Fisetin holds vast potential in natural preservatives and anti-infection products.

• Antimicrobial Drug Development: A candidate molecule for novel antibacterial and antifungal drugs.
• Antimicrobial Skincare: Used in skincare products to prevent and treat skin infections like acne and fungal infections.
• Natural Preservative: Extends the shelf life of food products.

5. Anticancer: Inhibiting Tumor Growth and Spread

Fisetin offers multiple benefits in cancer prevention and treatment.

–Benefits of Fisetin in Anticancer

Fisetin reduces cancer risk by scavenging free radicals and inhibiting inflammatory signaling pathways, thereby lowering oxidative damage and inflammation. It activates apoptosis pathways, inducing programmed cell death in cancer cells while sparing normal cells. Fisetin also inhibits VEGF and related signaling pathways, reducing tumor angiogenesis and limiting tumor growth and spread. It synergizes with chemotherapy drugs, enhancing anticancer effects and reducing side effects.

–Applications Based on Anticancer Effects

• Adjuvant Cancer Therapy: Used alongside chemotherapy or radiotherapy to reduce tumor recurrence.
• Cancer Prevention: Daily intake through diet or supplements helps lower cancer risk.

6. Anti-Aging: Revitalizing Youthful Skin

Recent research indicates that this antioxidant demonstrates potent anti-aging activity by preventing the replication of damaged DNA. This suggests that fisetin supports healthy aging and helps combat chronic diseases.

Anti-Aging Benefits of Fisetin

• Clearance of Senescent Cells: Fisetin has been shown to selectively induce apoptosis in senescent cells (known as a “senolytic” effect), reducing damage to surrounding tissues caused by the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP).

• Improvement of Metabolic Function: Animal studies indicate that fisetin can enhance insulin sensitivity and alleviate obesity-related metabolic disorders.

• Neuroprotection: It may help delay neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s by reducing β-amyloid plaque accumulation and inhibiting neuroinflammation.

• Skin Anti-Aging: Through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, promotion of collagen synthesis, reinforcement of the skin barrier, and support of cellular repair, fisetin helps slow skin aging.

Potential Applications Based on Anti-Aging Efficacy

• Dietary Supplements: Fisetin is already available in health supplements, though standardized dosing and efficacy validation are still lacking. It is not recommended as a substitute for prescribed medications.
• Combination Therapies: Co-administration with anti-aging drugs such as rapamycin or metformin may enhance outcomes, but further studies are needed.
• Research Directions: Ongoing studies explore its potential to delay organ aging, improve immune function, and prevent cancer.
• Anti-Aging Skincare: Fisetin is widely used in anti-aging skincare products, repair formulations, and sunscreens.

7. Promoting Hair Growth

In vitro and animal studies show that fisetin significantly promotes hair follicle cell proliferation and extends the hair growth phase (Anagen).

–Fisetin Benefits for Hair

Fisetin creates a healthy environment for hair growth through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. It promotes hair follicle stem cell proliferation and differentiation, extends the Anagen phase, and accelerates hair growth. Additionally, it improves blood circulation to the scalp, enhancing nutrient supply to hair follicles. Fisetin also inhibits 5-α reductase activity, reducing DHT production and preventing androgenetic alopecia.

–Applications Based on Hair Care Effects

• Topical Products: Added to shampoos, conditioners, scalp serums, and hair masks to promote hair growth.
• Oral Supplements: Improves scalp health and promotes hair growth from within.

Stanford Chemical Company (SCC) is a premium supplier of hyaluronic acid and herbal extracts. We offer fisetin and pure hyaluronic acid powder (medical-grade, food-grade, cosmetic-grade, injection-grade, and eye-drop-grade). For more information on these products or specific applications, please contact us and visit our homepage.

[1] Pal HC, Pearlman RL, Afaq F. Fisetin and Its Role in Chronic Diseases. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;928:213-244. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-41334-1_10. PMID: 27671819.

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Hyaluronic acid and ceramides are undoubtedly two of the most popular ingredients in the hydration and moisture retention domain. One is a classic ingredient hailed as the “king of hydration,” while the other is a “repair sensation” that has gained popularity in recent years. So, what exactly are the differences between these two ingredients?

Hyaluronic Acid: The “Evergreen Tree” of Hydration

Hyaluronic Acid (HA) is a naturally occurring polysaccharide in the human body, especially abundant in the skin, joints, and eyes. Its most notable feature is its ability to absorb and retain a large amount of moisture, making its moisturizing capacity truly “powerful”—1 gram of hyaluronic acid can absorb up to 1000 grams of water, thus earning the title of “natural moisturizing factor”.

–Mechanism of Action of Hyaluronic Acid

Hyaluronic acid works by forming a moisturizing film on the surface of skin, helping to lock in moisture. At the same time, it absorbs water from the environment, keeping the skin hydrated. Depending on its molecular weight, it operates at different skin layers:

• High-Molecular-Weight HA: Remains on the skin’s surface, forming a protective barrier to prevent moisture evaporation.
• Low-Molecular-Weight HA: Penetrates deep into the skin, providing internal hydration and increasing the skin’s moisture content.

Fig 1. Difference between high and low molecular weight hyaluronic acid

–Advantages of Hyaluronic Acid

HA provides immediate hydration effects. After using products containing hyaluronic acid, the skin instantly feels plump and hydrated, with a significant reduction in dryness. It is suitable for all skin types, whether dry, oily, or combination.

In addition to hydration and moisture retention, HA also has anti-aging benefits. This is because adequate moisture makes the skin appear firmer and can reduce the appearance of fine lines and dry wrinkles.

However, hyaluronic acid also has its limitations. It primarily focuses on hydration and has limited effects on repairing the skin barrier or improving sensitivity issues. If your skin barrier is already damaged, relying solely on hyaluronic acid may not fundamentally resolve the problem.

Ceramides: The “Newcomer Sensation” in Repair

Ceramides are lipids found in the intercellular spaces of the skin’s epidermal cells, constituting approximately 50% of the total intercellular lipids[i]. They are a crucial component of the skin barrier, acting like “cement” to tightly connect skin cells, preventing moisture loss and the intrusion of external irritants.

Fig 2. It accounts for about 50%

–Mechanism of Action of Ceramides

Unlike hyaluronic acid, the primary function of ceramides is not hydration but the repair and strengthening of the skin barrier. When the skin barrier is compromised, moisture loss accelerates, and the skin becomes dry, sensitive, and may even develop inflammation. Ceramides replenish the lost lipids in the skin, repair barrier function, thereby locking in moisture and improving the overall health.

–Advantages of Ceramides

For barrier damage caused by excessive cleansing, environmental stressors, or improper skincare, ceramides can effectively repair and restore the skin’s healthy state. Although ceramides do not directly hydrate, they provide moisture retention. By repairing the barrier, ceramides fundamentally reduce moisture loss, offering long-lasting hydration effects.

While ceramides excel in repair and moisture retention, their hydration effects are not as direct as those of hyaluronic acid. If your skin is only temporarily dehydrated without barrier damage, ceramides may not be as noticeably effective as hyaluronic acid.

Hyaluronic Acid vs. Ceramides: How to Choose

Since hyaluronic acid and ceramides each have their strengths, how do you choose the right ingredient for yourself? In fact, these two ingredients are not mutually exclusive but can complement each other.

–When to Use Hyaluronic Acid

• When the skin is temporarily dehydrated and needs quick hydration.
• When the skin is in a healthy state and only requires daily moisturization.
• When you want the skin to appear more plump and radiant.

–When to Use Ceramides

• When the skin barrier is damaged, leading to dryness, peeling, sensitivity, and other issues.
• When frequently exposed to dry environments, resulting in significant moisture loss.
• When you aim to fundamentally improve the skin’s moisture retention capability.

–Optimal Combination Strategy

For most people, combining hyaluronic acid and ceramides may be the best choice. Hyaluronic acid provides rapid hydration, while ceramides repair the barrier and lock in moisture. Together, they achieve a comprehensive skincare effect of “hydration + moisture retention + repair.” For example, in a daily skincare routine, you can choose a serum containing hyaluronic acid and pair it with a cream containing ceramides, satisfying both immediate hydration needs and long-term moisture retention and repair.

B2B: Where to Purchase Raw Materials

Stanford Chemical Company (SCC) is a trusted supplier of cosmetic ingredients such as hyaluronic acid and ceramides.

We Offer:

• Hyaluronic Acid Powder: High purity, non-animal, non-GMO, cosmetic grade, medical grade, food grade, injectable grade.
• Ceramides: Purity >98%, enhances intercellular cohesion in the stratum corneum.

Enjoy bulk purchase discounts and contract pricing.

FAQs

Q: What is the Main Difference Between Hyaluronic Acid and Ceramides?

A: HA primarily works to attract and retain moisture. Ceramides are mainly used to build and repair the skin barrier.

Q: In Terms of Moisturizing Effectiveness, Which is Better: Hyaluronic Acid or Ceramides?

A: HA excels in immediate hydration and increasing skin moisture, providing quick moisture to the skin. Ceramides are more effective for long-term hydration and maintaining the skin barrier.

Q: For Sensitive Skin, Which is More Suitable: Hyaluronic Acid or Ceramides?

A: Ceramides are more suitable for sensitive skin because they can repair and strengthen the skin barrier, reducing damage from external irritants.

Q: Can Hyaluronic Acid and Ceramides Be Used Together?

A: Of course. Combining them yields better results.

Read more:

Hyaluronic Acid and Collagen: The Perfect Combination for Healthy Skin

Sodium Hyaluronate: Uses, Molecular Weight, Production and Derivatives

[i] Coderch L, López O, de la Maza A, Parra JL. Ceramides and skin function. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2003;4(2):107-29. doi: 10.2165/00128071-200304020-00004. PMID: 12553851.

The post Hyaluronic Acid vs. Ceramides: Which Works Better appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

Hyaluronic Acid vs. Collagen: Performing Different Roles

Hyaluronic acid, also known as hyaluronan, is widely distributed in joint fluid, skin, and eyes. It is a high-level polysaccharide composed of repeating units of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine, and it is an important component of the extracellular matrix.

Collagen is a biological macromolecule primarily used to fill fine wrinkles and minor soft tissue defects. It is mainly distributed in bones, eyes, teeth, tendons, internal organs, and other areas. In the skin, it accounts for 70% of its composition, making it the most abundant protein in the human body.

Fig 1. Human skin structure

In the structure of skin tissues, hyaluronic acid acts as a moisture reservoir and locks in moisture, while collagen affects the skin’s fullness.

–Hyaluronic Acid: The Skin’s “Natural Reservoir”

Hyaluronic acid acts like a “sponge” in the skin, quickly replenishing moisture.

Fig 2. HA’s powerful moisturizing effect

1. Core Function: Strong Hydration

Hyaluronic acid has an extremely high water-absorbing capacity, capable of absorbing 1,000 times its own weight in water, thereby improving dryness. A 2% pure hyaluronic acid aqueous solution can firmly retain 98% of moisture, making it the best natural moisturizer discovered, known as the Natural Moisturizing Factor (NMF).

2. Anti-Aging Function: Filling Fine Lines

Hyaluronic acid can fill the fine lines on the skin’s surface, making the skin appear plumper and smoother. However, it does not directly enhance skin elasticity; it primarily keeps the skin youthful through hydration.

3. Repair Function: Gentle Repair

Hyaluronic acid possesses gentle repair capabilities, promoting wound healing and making it suitable for sensitive or barrier-damaged skin. It also helps repair the skin’s natural barrier, enhancing its moisture-locking ability.

–Collagen: The Skin’s “Support Framework”

Collagen forms a network structure, an “elastic net” that supports the skin.

Fig 3. The supporting effect of the triple helix structure

1. Core Function: Enhancing Elasticity

Collagen is the main component of the dermis, responsible for maintaining skin elasticity and firmness. As age increases and this protein is lost, the skin gradually becomes loose and develops wrinkles. Supplementing collagen can help restore the skin’s support structure and enhance elasticity.

2. Anti-Aging Function: Deep Anti-Aging

Collagen can improve the skin’s elastic fiber network from the deep layers, reducing wrinkles and sagging. Compared to hyaluronic acid, its anti-aging effects are more lasting but require long-term use to see significant improvements.

3. Repair Function: Promoting Tissue Regeneration

Collagen can accelerate the repair of skin tissues, reduce scar formation, and is suitable for repairing deep injuries or post-surgical care.

–Summary

From a hydration perspective, hyaluronic acid is superior; from an anti-aging perspective, collagen can directly and quickly help restore skin elasticity. Both possess skin repair functions.

Hyaluronic Acid and Collagen: Complementing Each Other

In skin tissue, collagen affects skin elasticity, while hyaluronic acid acts as a moisture reservoir. Although there are differences between the two, they complement each other.

Both are indispensable in human skin.

• Lack of Hyaluronic Acid — Dryness, roughness, flakiness
• Lack of Collagen — Sagging, drooping, aging

As age increases, the body’s collagen content gradually decreases, weakening the skin’s support function. At this point, hyaluronic acid plays an important role. It can promote the synthesis and maintenance of collagen, thereby slowing the skin aging process.

Hyaluronic acid’s strong moisturizing ability can adsorb and lock a large amount of moisture inside the skin. This moisturizing effect not only keeps the skin hydrated but also reduces moisture loss, making the skin elastic. Hyaluronic acid can also form a protective film to prevent environmental stimuli and damage to the skin, while helping other active ingredients penetrate deeper into the skin.

The coordinated relationship between collagen and hyaluronic acid is very important in skin care. When collagen levels decline, the role of hyaluronic acid becomes particularly significant. It can improve skin elasticity and firmness by increasing collagen synthesis. At the same time, hyaluronic acid’s moisturizing function helps maintain the skin’s moisture balance, preventing dryness and moisture loss. Additionally, hyaluronic acid can promote the metabolism of skin cells, accelerating the process of skin repair and regeneration.

Where to Buy

Stanford Chemical Company (SCC) is a trusted supplier of sodium hyaluronate and collagen peptides.

We offer:

• Sodium hyaluronate Powder: High purity, non-animal, non-GMO, cosmetic grade, medical grade, food grade, injectable grade.
• Collagen Peptides: Extracted using targeted enzymatic digestion technology and advanced membrane separation technology from animal tissues (fish scales, cow bones, chicken breast cartilage).

Enjoy bulk purchase discounts and contract pricing.

The post Hyaluronic Acid and Collagen: The Perfect Combination for Healthy Skin appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a vitamin-like nutrient found in the membranes of human cells and is an essential element for the body. It is distributed throughout the body, especially in the heart, liver, kidneys, and pancreas. CoQ10 can be synthesized internally or supplemented through dietary intake.

Fig 1. Concentration of coenzymeQ10 in different human tissues[1]

What Are the Functions of Coenzyme Q10

Like vitamins, coenzyme Q10 indirectly influences health through metabolism. It primarily participates in the processes of energy production and oxygen metabolism in the body. Studies show that CoQ10 levels are correlated with energy levels and cardiovascular health.

Coenzyme Q10 is directly involved in the body’s energy supply process. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the most critical energy source for the body, and CoQ10 is an essential cofactor in its synthesis. It participates in a series of redox reactions during ATP production.

Coenzyme Q10 helps the body achieve oxidative balance. Factors such as air pollution, ultraviolet (UV) rays, stress, and unhealthy lifestyle habits (e.g., smoking, alcohol consumption, lack of exercise) inevitably produce oxygen free radicals. As a fat-soluble antioxidant, CoQ10 effectively removes free radicals generated during cellular metabolism. Therefore, coenzyme Q10 has anti-aging effects and is a key ingredient in many anti-aging skincare products.

Fig 2. Free radical generating substances

Coenzyme Q10 Levels Decline with Age

Age-Related Changes in Coenzyme Q10 Levels

• 20-30 Years: Peak Levels

In young adulthood, CoQ10 levels are typically at their highest, effectively supporting cellular energy production and antioxidant functions.

• 30-40 Years: Initial Decline

Around age 30, the body’s natural ability to synthesize CoQ10 begins to decline, particularly in organs with high energy demands, such as the heart, liver, and kidneys.

• 50 Years and Older: Significant Reduction

By age 50 and beyond, CoQ10 levels may decrease by 25-50% compared to peak levels. This reduction can impair cellular functions, increase oxidative stress, and elevate the risk of chronic diseases.

This natural physiological process impacts energy metabolism and antioxidant capacity. Mitochondrial energy production efficiency decreases, potentially leading to increased fatigue and reduced physical performance. Furthermore, susceptibility to oxidative stress increases, heightening the risk of chronic diseases (e.g., cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases). Accelerated cellular damage also leads to more noticeable skin aging, such as wrinkles and sagging.

Improving Coenzyme Q10 Levels Through Diet and Supplements

Coenzyme Q10 can be replenished through dietary sources. Foods rich in CoQ10 include meat, fish, and whole grains, with organ meats being particularly high in CoQ10.

Fig 3. Coenzyme Q10 Content of Foods

When dietary intake is insufficient to significantly increase CoQ10 levels, supplements can be taken. Coenzyme Q10 supplements are generally safe with minimal side effects and can be used as dietary supplements under medical guidance.

• Standard Dosage: The recommended daily dose ranges from 90 mg to 200-500 mg.
• Absorption: Being a fat-soluble compound, CoQ10 is absorbed slowly and in limited amounts. Taking it with food can triple the absorption rate.

Clinical Applications of Coenzyme Q10 Supplements

1. Cardiovascular Health

The Q-SYMBIO study showed that CoQ10 supplementation reduces the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality. It also improved NYHA functional classification in heart failure patients.

2. Migraine Prevention and Treatment

Studies reveal that individuals with migraines generally have lower CoQ10 levels. Compared to those who do not take CoQ10, supplementation can reduce migraine incidence by threefold. In a larger study, 1,550 patients with low coenzyme Q10 levels experienced reduced pain severity and fewer migraine episodes after treatment. As a result, CoQ10 has been recommended by the American Academy of Neurology and the American Headache Society for migraine prevention and treatment.[2]

3. Skin Health

Coenzyme Q10 can reduce internal and external damage to the skin by enhancing cellular energy production and promoting antioxidant protection. Topical application of CoQ10 has been shown to reduce UV-induced oxidative damage, minimize wrinkle depth, and even lower the risk of skin cancer.

Who Should Supplement Coenzyme Q10

Based on the functions and applications of CoQ10, the following groups may consider taking CoQ10 supplements:

• Aging Individuals
• Cardiovascular Disease Patients
• Statin Users

Statins, while inhibiting cholesterol synthesis, also reduce CoQ10 synthesis, leading to lower CoQ10 levels.

• Migraine Sufferers
• Individuals Experiencing Fatigue or Engaging in High Levels of Physical Activity
• People with Skin Aging or Long-Term UV Exposure

Stanford Chemicals Company (SCC) is recognized as a reliable supplier of Coenzyme Q10, catering to a wide range of industries, including pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements, and cosmetics. Send us an inquiry if you are interested.

[1] Okamoto T, et al. Internat J Vit Nutr Res 59; 288-92; Aberg et al. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Biophysics 1992; 295: 230-4; Shindo Y, et al. J Invets Dermatol 1994; 102 : 122-4.

[2] Parohan M, Sarraf P, Javanbakht MH, Ranji-Burachaloo S, Djalali M. Effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on clinical features of migraine: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Neurosci. 2020 Nov;23(11):868-875. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2019.1572940. Epub 2019 Feb 6. PMID: 30727862.

The post What Are the Functions of Coenzyme Q10, and Who Should Supplement It appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.