Vitamin C: A Versatile Antioxidant

Ascorbic acid, sodium ascorbyl phosphate, and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate—common ingredients in skincare products—are all forms of vitamin C. Each type offers distinct skin benefits. Overall, the advantages of vitamin C for the skin include:

• Antioxidant protection
• Promotion of collagen synthesis
• Reduction of dark spots
• Repair of UV damage
• Improvement of skin barrier function

The Multiple Benefits of Vitamin C for Skin

Vitamin C is essential for maintaining skin health. It helps delay signs of aging, brighten the complexion, and strengthen the skin’s defense through various mechanisms.

1. It neutralizes free radicals, reducing oxidative stress and damage to the skin.
2. It also acts as a cofactor for collagen-synthesizing enzymes, supporting the formation of collagen fibers. A deficiency in vitamin C can lead to insufficient collagen production and reduced skin elasticity.
3. Besides inhibiting melanin production, vitamin C can convert existing melanin into a colorless state. Therefore, it helps improve issues such as melasma and post-acne marks.
4. It also regulates the secretion of inflammatory factors, alleviating redness, stinging, and sensitivity, thereby boosting the skin’s tolerance to external irritants.

Limitations of Vitamin C in Skincare

The strong reducing power of vitamin C gives it potent skincare benefits, but it also makes the compound chemically unstable. High temperatures, direct sunlight, and metal ions can easily trigger oxidation. Once oxidized, vitamin C loses its efficacy and may turn yellowish. This is a common concern for some people using ascorbic acid-based products.

Moreover, ascorbic acid requires an appropriate pH to penetrate effectively. In environments with a pH above 3.5, its lactone ring is prone to hydrolysis or oxidation, leading to inactivation. Thus, storing and using vitamin C skincare requires extra care.

In addition, high concentrations of vitamin C can irritate skin because of its acidity and strong penetrating ability. Some individuals may experience stinging, redness, or itching after using high-potency vitamin C products. And those having sensitive skin are more susceptible.

Ferulic Acid: A Potent Antioxidant

Ferulic acid, a hydroxycinnamic acid, belongs to a class of phenolic compounds with antioxidant properties. It is most commonly found in plant seeds and leaves, especially in bran and whole grains. As a popular active ingredient in skincare, ferulic acid offers the following key benefits:

• Antioxidant protection
• Anti-inflammatory and soothing effects
• Reduction of dark spots
• Photoprotection
• Enhanced absorption of other ingredients

The Multiple Benefits of Ferulic Acid for Skin

It works by neutralizing free radicals, inhibiting melanin production, and reducing UV damage.

1. Like vitamin C, ferulic acid powerfully quenches free radicals and diminishes oxidative stress. It is often incorporated with vitamins C and E due to the synergistic increase in overall effectiveness it produces.
2. Ferulic acid decreases redness and sensitivity, especially suitable for skin with acne or rosacea, through the suppression of inflammatory mediators like TNF-α and IL-6.
3. Ferulic acid suppresses pathways of melanin production and accelerates the metabolism of already existing pigmentation. It is hence of great assistance in evening out skin tone and fading dark spots.
4. As a natural photostabilizer, it absorbs certain wavelengths of UV light (particularly UVA), reducing the risk of photodamage and photoaging. It is often used in combination with sunscreens as a filter agent.
5. Ferulic acid can regulate skin permeability, promoting the permeation of other key ingredients, hyaluronic acid, and niacinamide, thereby potentiating the final result of skincare products.

Side Effects of Ferulic Acid

Some people may suffer from skin irritation, photosensitivity, or allergy while using ferulic acid. The possible dangers may or may not be triggered depending on the concentration or manner of ferulic acid consumption.

Synergistic Effects of Vitamin C and Ferulic Acid

Currently, one of the most effective daytime antioxidant formulations in dermatological research is: 15–20% L-ascorbic acid + 1% vitamin E + 0.5% ferulic acid. This combination is not merely additive—it produces a synergistic effect where “1+1+1 > 10.”

According to research from the Duke University Department of Dermatology, ferulic acid can boost the combined antioxidant efficacy of vitamins C and E by approximately eightfold.

The biggest drawback of vitamin C is its extreme instability—it oxidizes, yellows, and loses potency easily in aqueous solutions. Ferulic acid, in contrast, is highly stable, resistant to oxidation, and tolerant of heat and light. Thus, ferulic acid significantly slows down the oxidation process of vitamin C, prolonging its activity and the product’s shelf life. Additionally, this combination promotes the production of thiamine dimer, which further protects the skin.

FAQ: Vitamin C and Ferulic Acid

1: Why use Vitamin C or ferulic acid?

They replenish skin antioxidants, fight free radicals from UV rays, and help prevent aging and damage.

2: What’s the main difference between Vitamin C and ferulic acid?

Vitamin C boosts collagen and brightens skin, but it is unstable. Ferulic acid is very stable, reduces inflammation, and protects against UV damage.

3: Can I use Vitamin C and ferulic acid together?

Yes, they work best together. Ferulic acid stabilizes Vitamin C and boosts its antioxidant power.

4: What are Vitamin C’s drawbacks?

It can oxidize, irritate sensitive skin at high concentrations, and requires careful storage.

5: What are ferulic acid’s side effects?

It’s generally well-tolerated but can cause irritation or increased sun sensitivity in some people.

6: What is the best antioxidant combination?

A blend of 15-20% L-ascorbic acid (Vitamin C), 1% Vitamin E, and 0.5% ferulic acid is considered highly effective for daytime protection.

Recommended Products

Vitamin C (Purity 99%)

Ferulic acid(Purity ≥99%)

The post Vitamin C vs. Ferulic Acid: Which Is Better? appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

Ectoine vs. Niacinamide: Different Origins

Ectoine is derived from halophilic microorganisms and serves as a protective substance that enables these organisms to survive in high-salt environments. Its core capability lies in protection. This ingredient forms a stable hydrating shield around cells—think of it as an invisible protective suit for skin cells. This helps block external stressors such as UV rays, high temperatures, dryness, and pollution.

Niacinamide, on the other hand, is a derivative of vitamin B3 and a naturally occurring coenzyme in the human body. It actively participates in the skin’s metabolic processes. By regulating sebum production, blocking melanin transfer, and promoting barrier repair, it works to improve skin condition.

In short, Ectoine acts as a guardian for the skin, while niacinamide functions more like a regulator.

Ectoine vs. Niacinamide: Efficacy Comparison

Soothing & Repair

Both ingredients offer soothing and reparative benefits, but their mechanisms differ.

Ectoine focuses on “shielding from damage.” Through its unique water-binding mechanism, it quickly relieves dryness and tightness, making it especially suitable for immediate barrier damage caused by environmental factors.

Niacinamide’s repair approach is about “rebuilding.” By promoting the synthesis of lipids such as ceramides, it strengthens the skin barrier from within. These effects typically become noticeable after several weeks of consistent use.

Moisturization

Ectoine regulates osmotic pressure. It is a hydrophilic substance with a highly polar molecular structure. Despite its small molecular weight, it binds with surrounding water molecules to form a hydrating shell around cells and proteins, reducing water loss. This provides stable, long-lasting moisture even in dry, hot, or harsh conditions, often leaving a light, non-sticky feel.

Ectocin High-Efficiency Moisturizing

Niacinamide moisturizes by enhancing the skin’s own functions. It boosts the skin’s natural water retention by promoting barrier lipid synthesis and reducing transepidermal water loss. Additionally, it increases natural moisturizing factors within the skin, addressing dryness from the inside out. Its approach focuses on fundamentally improving the skin’s hydration capacity.

Anti-Aging & Brightening

In anti-aging and brightening, niacinamide has a clear advantage. It effectively improves uneven skin tone, fades acne marks and spots, and stimulates collagen production. Niacinamide is widely recognized as a powerful brightening and early-aging prevention agent.

Ectoine’s anti-aging benefits come indirectly through protection. By shielding cells from environmental damage—especially UV radiation—it helps delay photoaging. However, it does not directly brighten skin or boost collagen synthesis.

Tolerance & Suitability

Both are generally well-tolerated, but Ectoine is suitable for almost all skin types, including extremely sensitive and post-procedure skin, thanks to its exceptional mildness. Niacinamide is also gentle, though a small number of users may experience intolerance to trace amounts of nicotinic acid and may need to gradually build tolerance.

Summary

Table 1. Differences Between Ectoine and Niacinamide

Simply put, when your skin is exposed to sun or harsh weather, Ectoine provides immediate buffering and protection. For concerns like excess oil, dullness, or enlarged pores related to internal metabolism, niacinamide offers more targeted regulation.

Stanford Chemicals Company supplies Ectoine, niacinamide, hyaluronic acid, ceramides, and various herbal extracts for skincare. Contact us to learn more about beauty and wellness ingredients.

The post Is Ectoine Better Than Niacinamide appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

Hyaluronic acid and ceramides are undoubtedly two of the most popular ingredients in the hydration and moisture retention domain. One is a classic ingredient hailed as the “king of hydration,” while the other is a “repair sensation” that has gained popularity in recent years. So, what exactly are the differences between these two ingredients?

Hyaluronic Acid: The “Evergreen Tree” of Hydration

Hyaluronic Acid (HA) is a naturally occurring polysaccharide in the human body, especially abundant in the skin, joints, and eyes. Its most notable feature is its ability to absorb and retain a large amount of moisture, making its moisturizing capacity truly “powerful”—1 gram of hyaluronic acid can absorb up to 1000 grams of water, thus earning the title of “natural moisturizing factor”.

–Mechanism of Action of Hyaluronic Acid

Hyaluronic acid works by forming a moisturizing film on the surface of skin, helping to lock in moisture. At the same time, it absorbs water from the environment, keeping the skin hydrated. Depending on its molecular weight, it operates at different skin layers:

• High-Molecular-Weight HA: Remains on the skin’s surface, forming a protective barrier to prevent moisture evaporation.
• Low-Molecular-Weight HA: Penetrates deep into the skin, providing internal hydration and increasing the skin’s moisture content.

Fig 1. Difference between high and low molecular weight hyaluronic acid

–Advantages of Hyaluronic Acid

HA provides immediate hydration effects. After using products containing hyaluronic acid, the skin instantly feels plump and hydrated, with a significant reduction in dryness. It is suitable for all skin types, whether dry, oily, or combination.

In addition to hydration and moisture retention, HA also has anti-aging benefits. This is because adequate moisture makes the skin appear firmer and can reduce the appearance of fine lines and dry wrinkles.

However, hyaluronic acid also has its limitations. It primarily focuses on hydration and has limited effects on repairing the skin barrier or improving sensitivity issues. If your skin barrier is already damaged, relying solely on hyaluronic acid may not fundamentally resolve the problem.

Ceramides: The “Newcomer Sensation” in Repair

Ceramides are lipids found in the intercellular spaces of the skin’s epidermal cells, constituting approximately 50% of the total intercellular lipids[i]. They are a crucial component of the skin barrier, acting like “cement” to tightly connect skin cells, preventing moisture loss and the intrusion of external irritants.

Fig 2. It accounts for about 50%

–Mechanism of Action of Ceramides

Unlike hyaluronic acid, the primary function of ceramides is not hydration but the repair and strengthening of the skin barrier. When the skin barrier is compromised, moisture loss accelerates, and the skin becomes dry, sensitive, and may even develop inflammation. Ceramides replenish the lost lipids in the skin, repair barrier function, thereby locking in moisture and improving the overall health.

–Advantages of Ceramides

For barrier damage caused by excessive cleansing, environmental stressors, or improper skincare, ceramides can effectively repair and restore the skin’s healthy state. Although ceramides do not directly hydrate, they provide moisture retention. By repairing the barrier, ceramides fundamentally reduce moisture loss, offering long-lasting hydration effects.

While ceramides excel in repair and moisture retention, their hydration effects are not as direct as those of hyaluronic acid. If your skin is only temporarily dehydrated without barrier damage, ceramides may not be as noticeably effective as hyaluronic acid.

Hyaluronic Acid vs. Ceramides: How to Choose

Since hyaluronic acid and ceramides each have their strengths, how do you choose the right ingredient for yourself? In fact, these two ingredients are not mutually exclusive but can complement each other.

–When to Use Hyaluronic Acid

• When the skin is temporarily dehydrated and needs quick hydration.
• When the skin is in a healthy state and only requires daily moisturization.
• When you want the skin to appear more plump and radiant.

–When to Use Ceramides

• When the skin barrier is damaged, leading to dryness, peeling, sensitivity, and other issues.
• When frequently exposed to dry environments, resulting in significant moisture loss.
• When you aim to fundamentally improve the skin’s moisture retention capability.

–Optimal Combination Strategy

For most people, combining hyaluronic acid and ceramides may be the best choice. Hyaluronic acid provides rapid hydration, while ceramides repair the barrier and lock in moisture. Together, they achieve a comprehensive skincare effect of “hydration + moisture retention + repair.” For example, in a daily skincare routine, you can choose a serum containing hyaluronic acid and pair it with a cream containing ceramides, satisfying both immediate hydration needs and long-term moisture retention and repair.

B2B: Where to Purchase Raw Materials

Stanford Chemical Company (SCC) is a trusted supplier of cosmetic ingredients such as hyaluronic acid and ceramides.

We Offer:

• Hyaluronic Acid Powder: High purity, non-animal, non-GMO, cosmetic grade, medical grade, food grade, injectable grade.
• Ceramides: Purity >98%, enhances intercellular cohesion in the stratum corneum.

Enjoy bulk purchase discounts and contract pricing.

FAQs

Q: What is the Main Difference Between Hyaluronic Acid and Ceramides?

A: HA primarily works to attract and retain moisture. Ceramides are mainly used to build and repair the skin barrier.

Q: In Terms of Moisturizing Effectiveness, Which is Better: Hyaluronic Acid or Ceramides?

A: HA excels in immediate hydration and increasing skin moisture, providing quick moisture to the skin. Ceramides are more effective for long-term hydration and maintaining the skin barrier.

Q: For Sensitive Skin, Which is More Suitable: Hyaluronic Acid or Ceramides?

A: Ceramides are more suitable for sensitive skin because they can repair and strengthen the skin barrier, reducing damage from external irritants.

Q: Can Hyaluronic Acid and Ceramides Be Used Together?

A: Of course. Combining them yields better results.

Read more:

Hyaluronic Acid and Collagen: The Perfect Combination for Healthy Skin

Sodium Hyaluronate: Uses, Molecular Weight, Production and Derivatives

[i] Coderch L, López O, de la Maza A, Parra JL. Ceramides and skin function. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2003;4(2):107-29. doi: 10.2165/00128071-200304020-00004. PMID: 12553851.

The post Hyaluronic Acid vs. Ceramides: Which Works Better appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

Hyaluronic Acid vs. Collagen: Performing Different Roles

Hyaluronic acid, also known as hyaluronan, is widely distributed in joint fluid, skin, and eyes. It is a high-level polysaccharide composed of repeating units of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine, and it is an important component of the extracellular matrix.

Collagen is a biological macromolecule primarily used to fill fine wrinkles and minor soft tissue defects. It is mainly distributed in bones, eyes, teeth, tendons, internal organs, and other areas. In the skin, it accounts for 70% of its composition, making it the most abundant protein in the human body.

Fig 1. Human skin structure

In the structure of skin tissues, hyaluronic acid acts as a moisture reservoir and locks in moisture, while collagen affects the skin’s fullness.

–Hyaluronic Acid: The Skin’s “Natural Reservoir”

Hyaluronic acid acts like a “sponge” in the skin, quickly replenishing moisture.

Fig 2. HA’s powerful moisturizing effect

1. Core Function: Strong Hydration

Hyaluronic acid has an extremely high water-absorbing capacity, capable of absorbing 1,000 times its own weight in water, thereby improving dryness. A 2% pure hyaluronic acid aqueous solution can firmly retain 98% of moisture, making it the best natural moisturizer discovered, known as the Natural Moisturizing Factor (NMF).

2. Anti-Aging Function: Filling Fine Lines

Hyaluronic acid can fill the fine lines on the skin’s surface, making the skin appear plumper and smoother. However, it does not directly enhance skin elasticity; it primarily keeps the skin youthful through hydration.

3. Repair Function: Gentle Repair

Hyaluronic acid possesses gentle repair capabilities, promoting wound healing and making it suitable for sensitive or barrier-damaged skin. It also helps repair the skin’s natural barrier, enhancing its moisture-locking ability.

–Collagen: The Skin’s “Support Framework”

Collagen forms a network structure, an “elastic net” that supports the skin.

Fig 3. The supporting effect of the triple helix structure

1. Core Function: Enhancing Elasticity

Collagen is the main component of the dermis, responsible for maintaining skin elasticity and firmness. As age increases and this protein is lost, the skin gradually becomes loose and develops wrinkles. Supplementing collagen can help restore the skin’s support structure and enhance elasticity.

2. Anti-Aging Function: Deep Anti-Aging

Collagen can improve the skin’s elastic fiber network from the deep layers, reducing wrinkles and sagging. Compared to hyaluronic acid, its anti-aging effects are more lasting but require long-term use to see significant improvements.

3. Repair Function: Promoting Tissue Regeneration

Collagen can accelerate the repair of skin tissues, reduce scar formation, and is suitable for repairing deep injuries or post-surgical care.

–Summary

From a hydration perspective, hyaluronic acid is superior; from an anti-aging perspective, collagen can directly and quickly help restore skin elasticity. Both possess skin repair functions.

Hyaluronic Acid and Collagen: Complementing Each Other

In skin tissue, collagen affects skin elasticity, while hyaluronic acid acts as a moisture reservoir. Although there are differences between the two, they complement each other.

Both are indispensable in human skin.

• Lack of Hyaluronic Acid — Dryness, roughness, flakiness
• Lack of Collagen — Sagging, drooping, aging

As age increases, the body’s collagen content gradually decreases, weakening the skin’s support function. At this point, hyaluronic acid plays an important role. It can promote the synthesis and maintenance of collagen, thereby slowing the skin aging process.

Hyaluronic acid’s strong moisturizing ability can adsorb and lock a large amount of moisture inside the skin. This moisturizing effect not only keeps the skin hydrated but also reduces moisture loss, making the skin elastic. Hyaluronic acid can also form a protective film to prevent environmental stimuli and damage to the skin, while helping other active ingredients penetrate deeper into the skin.

The coordinated relationship between collagen and hyaluronic acid is very important in skin care. When collagen levels decline, the role of hyaluronic acid becomes particularly significant. It can improve skin elasticity and firmness by increasing collagen synthesis. At the same time, hyaluronic acid’s moisturizing function helps maintain the skin’s moisture balance, preventing dryness and moisture loss. Additionally, hyaluronic acid can promote the metabolism of skin cells, accelerating the process of skin repair and regeneration.

Where to Buy

Stanford Chemical Company (SCC) is a trusted supplier of sodium hyaluronate and collagen peptides.

We offer:

• Sodium hyaluronate Powder: High purity, non-animal, non-GMO, cosmetic grade, medical grade, food grade, injectable grade.
• Collagen Peptides: Extracted using targeted enzymatic digestion technology and advanced membrane separation technology from animal tissues (fish scales, cow bones, chicken breast cartilage).

Enjoy bulk purchase discounts and contract pricing.

The post Hyaluronic Acid and Collagen: The Perfect Combination for Healthy Skin appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

As a key moisturizing ingredient, sodium hyaluronate is widely recognized. Let’s begin with a brief introduction.

Sodium hyaluronate (the sodium salt form of hyaluronic acid) is a polysaccharide naturally present in human tissues. It is a transparent, viscous substance with excellent moisturizing, lubricating, and anti-inflammatory properties. It is a common ingredient in skincare products and an effective component in eye drops for relieving dry eyes.

So, what is ectoine?

Ectoine is an amino acid derivative found in “Halophile” that thrives in extreme environments. In 1985, German scientist Professor Galinski discovered ectoine in the saline lakes of the Egyptian desert.

It regulates cell osmotic pressure, acting as a natural “protective shield” that enables halophilic bacteria to survive in extreme conditions like high temperatures, high salinity, and intense UV radiation. Biotech companies identified its potential and began producing ectoine (C₆H₁₀N₂O₂) through fermentation. Today, ectoine is used in biomedicine (eye drops, nasal sprays, oral sprays) and skincare products.

Fig 1. Desert salt lake with no grass growing

Sodium Hyaluronate vs Ectoine: Which is Better for Skin

Sodium hyaluronate has been used in skincare products since the 1980s. The exceptional moisturizing ability has made it a star ingredient in the skincare industry. Ectoine, widely adopted by skincare brands since 2019, has gained recognition for its outstanding moisturizing and repair effects, leading to rapid growth in its applications.

Let’s compare the effects of the two

1. Moisturizing

Both ingredients provide moisturizing benefits, but their mechanisms and results differ.

Sodium hyaluronate molecules can absorb hundreds to thousands of times their weight in water. It draws moisture from the environment and locks it in, keeping the skin hydrated. It also forms a breathable hydrating film on the skin’s surface, reducing water evaporation and preventing dryness. What’s more, low-molecular-weight HA can penetrate the dermis, offering deep hydration.

Fig 2. HA for skin

Ectoine’s moisturizing function differs, focusing more on protection and regulation. It binds with water molecules to form a stable hydration shell around cells, creating a protective shield. This shield effectively prevents water loss from skin cells and maintains water balance inside and outside the cells. Additionally, by stabilizing cell membranes and protein structures, ectoine enhances cellular resistance to external stressors like dryness, UV rays, and high temperatures, reducing water loss risks.

Fig 3. The moisturizing principle of Ecdoin

Conclusion: Ectoine’s moisturizing ability leans toward “protective hydration,” without directly absorbing water like sodium hyaluronate. For those focused on hydration, sodium hyaluronate offers more immediate results.

2. Skin Repair:

Sodium hyaluronate is popular in skincare for its skin repair properties. It stabilizes and attracts growth factors (EGF), accelerating cell proliferation, tissue regeneration, and wound healing. It also has anti-inflammatory and soothing effects, reducing damage caused by inflammation.

Ectoine’s repair function is more prominent, especially for sensitive and inflamed skin. When exposed to environmental stressors like high temperatures, UV radiation, hypoxia, heavy metal toxicity, or viral infections, ectoine triggers emergency protective and regenerative responses, helping cells maintain normal physiological activity. Merck data shows that 1.0% Ecdoin can induce a faster stress response, prevent cell damage, and increase the speed of self-healing by 2-3 times.

Conclusion: For skin sensitivity, barrier damage, acne-related breakouts, or sunburn-induced redness, products with ectoine can quickly provide repair and soothing effects.

Key Characteristics Comparison:

Sodium Hyaluronate vs Ectoine: Which is Better for Eyes

Sodium hyaluronate and ectoine are both vital ingredients in eye drops, but their benefits differ in focus.

Sodium hyaluronate is more suitable for individuals with dry eye syndrome, contact lens wearers, or those needing immediate hydration. Its properties allow it to absorb water and form a hydrating film on the eye surface, relieving dryness. Moreover, its natural presence in human tissues ensures high safety with minimal irritation.

Ectoine, on the other hand, is ideal for individuals with eye inflammation, sensitivity, or exposure to harsh environments. By forming a “hydration shell,” ectoine enhances the stability of ocular cells, protecting them from external irritants. It also stabilizes the lipid layer of the tear film, preventing excessive evaporation.

–Synergistic Effects of Sodium Hyaluronate and Ectoine

Studies show that combining ectoine with sodium hyaluronate delivers enhanced synergy in relieving dry eyes. This combination significantly improves water-binding ability, effectively hydrates the eyes, stabilizes the tear film, and reduces tear evaporation. Additionally, it forms a durable hydrating film on the eye surface, firmly adhering to the cornea and ocular surface to provide robust protection against external irritants. Furthermore, this combination is highly effective in alleviating irritation caused by environmental dryness, inflammation symptoms, and itching or burning sensations during allergic reactions.

Stanford Chemical Company (SCC) is an excellent supplier of sodium hyaluronate powder and ectoine powder. In addition, we also provide chondroitin sulfate for cataract surgery eye drops and joints. For more information on these materials, please check out our home page.

The post Sodium Hyaluronate vs Ectoine: Which is Better for Skin and Eyes appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

What is Hyaluronic Acid

Hyaluronic Acid (HA) is recognized as one of the best moisturizing substances currently discovered, regarded as the optimal humectant. It has an exceptional water-absorbing ability, capable of retaining water up to 1,000 times its own volume. HA is abundantly present in the skin, forming one of the main components of the skin’s extracellular matrix. This substance can bind with proteins to form larger proteoglycan molecules, ultimately creating a gel-like structure of hyaluronic acid-protein-water, which plays a crucial role in maintaining the skin’s moisture.

The Importance of Hyaluronic Acid for the Skin：

HA within the dermis provides space and nutrients for collagen and elastic fibers, forming a structural framework for the skin. This is essential for maintaining the stability, integration, and elasticity of skin tissues.

Hyaluronic Acids by Molecular Weight

Hyaluronic acid can be classified based on its molecular weight into:

• High Molecular Weight HA (HMW-HA): Above 1,800 KDa.
• Medium Molecular Weight HA (MMW-HA): Between 200 KDa and 1,800 KDa.
• Low Molecular Weight HA (LMW-HA): Between 5 KDa and 200 KDa.
• Oligomeric Hyaluronic Acid (Oligo-HA): Below 10 KDa.

Further subdivision identifies Micro-Hyaluronic Acid (Micro-HA) with a molecular weight below 5 KDa.

Learning more: Comparative Analysis of Hyaluronic Acid with Different Molecular Weights

Each molecular weight category has distinct physicochemical properties and application areas. HMW-HA is commonly used in ophthalmic and orthopedic surgical products due to its excellent viscoelasticity and lubricating properties. MMW-HA finds widespread applications in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and health products. LMW-HA is often used in cosmetics and health supplements for its better absorption. Oligo-HA and Micro-HA are primarily utilized in medical and cosmetic products.

What is Micro-Hyaluronic Acid

Micro-HA refers to ultra-low molecular weight HA fragments (below 5 KDa) obtained through the degradation of hyaluronic acid. Studies have shown that Micro-HA can quickly penetrate beneath the stratum corneum, providing long-lasting hydration to the skin. As a natural component of the human body, Micro-HA has excellent biocompatibility, offering comprehensive moisturizing and anti-aging effects. It represents a new generation of hyaluronic acid products.

Micro- Hyaluronic Acid vs. Regular Hyaluronic Acid

Micro-sodium hyaluronate stands out from regular sodium hyaluronate with the following features:

• Ultra-Low Molecular Weight: Micro-sodium hyaluronate has a molecular weight of less than 5 kDa.
• Strong Permeability: Its superior permeability allows it to penetrate the stratum corneum and reach the basal layer of the skin.
• Enhanced Moisturizing Ability: The moisturizing effect of micro-sodium hyaluronate is 6-7 times stronger than that of regular sodium hyaluronate.
• Superior Skin Affinity: While regular sodium hyaluronate forms a film on the skin’s surface that is easily washed off, micro-sodium hyaluronate binds to skin cells, providing robust hydration support and protection that is less prone to being washed away.

Advantages of Micro-Hyaluronic Acid

1. Deep Moisturization

Micro-HA can penetrate the skin and provide deep hydration, significantly increasing skin moisture content. When combined with high molecular weight HA, the moisturizing effect is further enhanced synergistically.

2. Repair of Damaged Cells

Micro-HA repairs damaged cells, enhancing cellular activity and reducing damage caused by external factors.

3. Free Radical Scavenging

Micro-HA eliminates reactive oxygen species induced by sunlight, enhancing cellular antioxidant capacity and improving the skin’s defense against UVB radiation.

4. Anti-Aging

Continuous use of skincare products containing Micro-HA improves skin elasticity, strengthens the skin barrier, reduces wrinkles, and provides anti-aging benefits.

How Does Micro-Hyaluronic Acid Benefit the Skin

High molecular weight hyaluronic acid cannot penetrate the normal skin barrier and forms a breathable thin film on the skin surface. Its primary function is to keep the skin smooth and moisturized while protecting it from bacteria, dust, and UV radiation. In contrast, low molecular weight HA can penetrate the skin barrier to the dermis, suppress inflammatory responses, promote angiogenesis, improve intermediate metabolism, enhance nutrient absorption, and reduce wrinkles.

In the dermis, Micro-HA participates in the metabolism of collagen and elastic fibers, providing moisture and nutrients and enhancing skin elasticity.

In vitro experiments have shown that Micro-HA can:

• Increase collagen synthesis (+100%)
• Activate glutamine transaminase (+100%)
• Reduce matrix metalloproteinase activity (-15%)

Collagen is a key extracellular matrix component responsible for skin strength, while the proper organization and alignment of collagen fibers involve glutamine transaminase. Matrix metalloproteinases degrade collagen fibers. In summary, Micro-HA exerts anti-wrinkle effects by acting on these substances within the body.

Where to Buy the Best Micro Hyaluronic Acid

Stanford Chemicals Company (SCC) is a wholesale supplier of pure organic hyaluronic acid in the USA. The company has rich experience in medical-grade, cosmetic-grade, Injection-Grade, and food-grade sodium hyaluronate. The high molecular weight, middle molecular weight, low molecular, and oligomeric weight hyaluronic acid powder are available as well. We offer hyaluronic acid raw materials to customers in the USA, Canada, and Europe. A detailed description of Micro-HA is listed below. For further information, please make your inquiry.

020-000-118 Micro Hyaluronic Acid Specification

The post Micro-Hyaluronic Acid: The Secret to Healthy, Hydrated Skin appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

Natural Ingredients in Skincare Products

Generally, ingredients derived from natural resources and obtained through physical extraction or simple chemical processing are referred to as “natural ingredients.”

1. Herbal Extracts

Herbal extracts are common natural ingredients in cosmetics. For example, centella asiatica extract has repairing and anti-inflammatory effects. It is rich in triterpenoids, which promote collagen synthesis, speed up skin healing, and reduce inflammation, making it particularly beneficial for acne-prone and sensitive skin.

Chamomile extract is rich in flavonoids, which soothe the skin, reduce redness and itching, and provide antioxidant benefits, helping to relieve skin stress.

2. Natural Oils

Natural oils are moisturizing and nourishing ingredients in skincare products. For example, shea butter is rich in fatty acids and vitamins, which repair dry skin, enhance skin elasticity, and form a moisture-locking barrier on the skin surface.

Coconut oil has excellent penetrative properties, deeply moisturizing the skin. Its natural antibacterial properties help relieve inflammation, making it suitable for dry and sensitive skin.

3. Natural Polysaccharides and Proteins

Natural polysaccharides and proteins are important active ingredients in skincare products. For example, hyaluronic acid has exceptional hydrating properties. It can attract moisture and form a hydrating film on the skin surface, improving dryness and increasing elasticity.

Collagen is a natural protein that fills the gaps between skin cells, improving skin firmness and softness. Elastin is particularly effective in enhancing skin elasticity, suitable for anti-aging skincare needs.

4. Natural Acids

Natural acids are often used for exfoliation and brightening. For example, AHA (alpha-hydroxy acids), derived from fruit extracts, gently removes dead skin cells, improves dullness, and refines skin texture.

BHA (beta-hydroxy acids), derived from willow bark, penetrates pores to dissolve oil, reducing blackheads and acne. Lactic acid is known for its gentle exfoliation, making it suitable for sensitive skin.

5. Natural Minerals

Natural minerals are mainly used for sun protection and oil control. For example, titanium dioxide is a natural mineral sunscreen that reflects UV rays, protecting the skin from photoaging.

Kaolin clay is an absorbent mineral that effectively removes excess oil and impurities, purifies pores, and is often used in skin-cleansing products.

6. Other Natural Active Substances

Other natural active substances also play important roles in cosmetics. For instance, honey is a natural humectant rich in various sugars and minerals that deeply hydrate the skin and improve its barrier function.

Pearl powder is popular for its rich calcium and amino acid content, which not only whitens the skin but also reduces fine lines and dullness. Algae extracts contain a variety of minerals and polysaccharides, providing hydration, antioxidation, and enhanced skin repair. Spirulina, rich in proteins and vitamins, is one of the best ingredients for anti-aging skincare.

Chemical Ingredients in Skincare Products

Some ingredients, such as niacinamide (Vitamin B3), are naturally present in many foods, but extracting them directly from these sources is not economical. Their natural content is low, and the extraction cost is high, making it difficult to meet large-scale, high-purity demands. In such cases, synthetic production becomes a more reasonable choice.

Main Chemical Ingredients Overview

Which Is Safer

Natural ingredients come from nature, retaining the diversity and potential synergistic effects found in their natural state. For example, chamomile extract offers both anti-inflammatory and soothing properties for the skin. In contrast, chemically synthesized ingredients lack these characteristics and primarily serve a single function.

However, despite the many advantages of natural ingredients in cosmetics, there are challenges and considerations to keep in mind. First, natural ingredients may be less stable than synthetic ones and can be easily affected by environmental factors such as temperature and light. Second, the extraction and processing of natural ingredients require strict controls to ensure their quality and safety. Additionally, even natural ingredients can sometimes cause allergic reactions, particularly for individuals with sensitive skin.

Of course, some chemical ingredients (such as high-concentration salicylic acid and paraben preservatives) can also cause irritation or even raise health concerns. Moreover, it is worth noting that certain chemical ingredients, such as silicones, may pose potential environmental risks.

Market Trends: Natural Ingredients Replacing Synthetic Ones

As health and environmental awareness grow, consumers are more inclined to choose cosmetics containing natural ingredients. This trend is driving companies to make changes.

Firstly, companies are focusing on selecting environmentally and socially friendly alternatives that do not compromise product efficacy, safety, or shelf life. Advances in green chemistry and biotechnology have provided solutions, such as replacing petroleum-derived emollients with plant-based oils or squalane from sustainable sources.

Replacing synthetic preservatives with natural ones is another significant shift. Plant extracts and essential oils, such as tea tree, cinnamon, and thyme extracts, are leading this change by offering effective antibacterial protection and enhancing the sensory properties of products.

Stanford Chemicals Company (SCC) has over 16 years of experience in the manufacture and sale of skin care and personal care ingredients. We offer skin care ingredient raw materials to meet a variety of skin care needs.

Reference:

Common Skin Care Ingredients You Need to Know

Acids in Skincare: What Are the Different Uses and Precautions

Hyaluronic Acid vs. Retinol vs. Vitamin C: Which Is Best for Skincare?

The post Natural Ingredients vs. Chemical Ingredients in Skincare Products: Which Is Safer appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

1. Hydration and Moisture Retention

Whether your skin is dry, oily, or a mix of both, moisturizing has proven to be an unavoidable routine in skincare. Hydration is also essential for skin barrier integrity. Below are some of the most popular common moisturizing ingredients available in the market.

Fig 1. Moisturizing is the first step in skin care

（1）Hyaluronic Acid

Hyaluronic acid has been basking in skincare fame for over 30 years because of the mighty skincare benefits it possesses. Being an excellent humectant, it can absorb and retain many times-more than 1,000 times its weight in water. Besides that, it forms a defensive layer on the skin surface which protects water from evaporating too fast.

（2）Polyglutamic Acid

For those looking for an alternative to hyaluronic acid, polyglutamic acid is an excellent choice. It can capture more moisture than hyaluronic acid, twice as much. It penetrates deeper into the skin, stimulating natural moisturizing factors. Another big plus is that this product has low viscosity, contributing to less stickiness and freshness in the skin.

（3）Glycerin

Glycerin is an active humectant that attracts moisture from the surroundings and locks it in the skin to help maintain the moisture balance of the skin. This prevents dryness and dehydration, hence it maintains soft and smooth skin. It also enhances the absorption of active skincare ingredients.

（4）Panthenol

Also known as vitamin B5, panthenol is an active moisturizer that attracts and retains water in the skin and forms a protective layer on the skin’s surface to prevent water loss.

2. Anti-Aging and Anti-Wrinkle

With growing age, skin slowly starts to lose its elasticity and firmness. Collagen and elastin production decelerates, which eventually leads to fine lines and wrinkles. Moreover, UV rays, pollution, and stress accelerate the aging process of the skin. Anti-aging and anti-wrinkle ingredients improve not only one’s appearance but also care for the health of the skin by minimizing possible external damage.

Fig 2. Anti-wrinkle makes us look younger

（1）Retinol

Retinol is probably the star of the anti-aging world. Such an ingredient increases the production of collagen within the skin, which will help reduce fine lines and wrinkles. Moreover, such a vitamin accelerates cell turnover, promoting new skin cell generation. The process will improve the skin texture and tone by getting rid of dark blemishes.

（2）Vitamin C

Vitamin C is an antioxidant with great power that neutralizes free radicals, protecting the skin from environmental damage such as UV rays. It enhances the production of collagen, which in turn gives skin elasticity, hence reducing fine lines. Vitamin C further brightens the skin, reducing pigmentation and helping the skin have a more youthful look.

（3）Peptides

Peptides are small protein fragments that easily penetrate the skin, stimulating collagen and elastin production. The peptides will strengthen the structure of the skin; fine lines and wrinkles are reduced effectively, and firmness and elasticity are enhanced. Besides, it enhances the skin barrier function and generally increases the health of the skin while making it fuller.

（4）Coenzyme Q10

Coenzyme Q10 is a powerful antioxidant that shields skin cells from free radical damage, thereby providing a considerable reduction in the appearance of environmental stressors that contribute to aging. It boosts the energy at a cellular level by increasing the manufacture of ATP, enhancing the repair and regeneration of cells, thereby reducing fine lines and wrinkles, or at least diminishing their appearance. The skin turgor will also be much improved.

（5）Resveratrol

Resveratrol is an antioxidant plant extract that has an excellent anti-aging effect. It scavenges the free radicals, thus avoiding skin damage from oxidative stress and inflammation, which contributes to early aging. Continuous use of resveratrol diminishes the appearance of fine lines while improving skin smoothness and firmness.

（6）Astaxanthin

Astaxanthin is an astoundingly strong natural antioxidant, way more powerful than vitamin C and vitamin E. It significantly reduces UV damage, preventing photoaging. By improving skin hydration, it improves elasticity and reduces wrinkles, thus leaving the skin smoother.

（7）Alpha Lipoic Acid

Alpha lipoic acid is an effective antioxidant; besides neutralizing free radicals, it regenerates other antioxidants such as vitamin C and vitamin E, hence enhancing the anti-aging effect by increasing the density. It minimizes inflammation, fine lines, and wrinkles, hence enhancing skin tone and brightness.

（8）Vitamin E

It is a classic antioxidant that helps protect the skin from oxidative stress while delaying the aging process. Vitamin E helps to repair broken skin cells and firm up the skin barrier, reducing occurrences of fine lines and wrinkles.

Read more: Hyaluronic Acid vs. Retinol vs. Vitamin C: Which Is Best for Skincare?

3. Skin Repair

When the skin barrier is compromised, it will release moisture more easily and become exposed to more external irritants. This generally means more inflammation and dry sensitivity. Hence, skin repair is another important step of skin care.

Fig 3. Repair skin damage and make skin healthier

（1）Centella Asiatica Extract

Centella Asiatica is one of the major ingredients in skin repair. It contains various components like asiaticoside-the major phenolic compound responsible for scar healing. Centella Asiatica enhances the production of collagen and reduces inflammation by regenerating and improving skin elasticity of the destroyed skin barrier.

（2）Ceramides

Ceramides are natural constituents of the skin barrier. They repair damaged lipid barriers, reducing skin irritations due to dryness. The ceramides help your skin protect against external irritants and pollutants-softening the skin and making it supple.

（3）Allantoin

Allantoin is an active repairing ingredient well known for its soothing action, as well as cell regeneration. It soothes itching, redness, and roughness occurring due to dryness while allowing the stimulation of the healing process and thus leaving the skin smooth and soft.

（4）Squalane

It is an emollient agent, just like the skin’s natural oils. Squalane improves the barrier integrity of skin, restores dry and injured skin, and exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, thus decreasing skin irritation.

Among the above ingredients, hyaluronic acid and panthenol have prominent skin-repairing properties. Hyaluronic acid especially accelerates wound healing.

4. Acne Treatment

Acne is one of the fundamental skin problems brought about by blockage of pores, production of excess oil, and infection. Treatment of acne also enables you to maintain healthy skin.

Fig 4. Causes of acne: clogged pores, excess oil production, and infection

（1）Salicylic Acid

Salicylic acid is a beta hydroxy acid; it is also lipid-soluble, which allows it to penetrate into the pores and dissolve excess oil and dead skin cells that block pores in the first instance. This helps reduce and prevent acne, while it also gently exfoliates the surface of the skin to improve the rough texture associated with acne. Its anti-inflammatory properties further help reduce redness and swelling associated with acne.

（2）Glycolic Acid

Glycolic acid is an AHA, which accelerates cell turnover, removing the superficial layer of dead skin cells, thus avoiding clogged pores and acne breakouts. It also improves post-acne pigmentation and scarring by improving skin texture and evening out the skin.

（3）Benzoyl Peroxide

The active ingredient benzoyl peroxide is a very potent anti-acne ingredient that truly delivers deep into the pores and kills acne-causing bacteria, such as Propionibacterium acnes. It also exfoliates the skin, removing dead skin cells and oil within the pores, which helps them not to get blocked and, therefore, prevents new acne.

（4）Tea Tree Oil

Tea tree oil is a natural ingredient incorporating antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties into its effectiveness in battling acne-causing bacteria and reducing inflammation and redness. Gentle on the skin, it provides antibacterial action that helps purify the skin and decreases bacterial build-up inside the pores.

Conclusion

Being aware of the various benefits of different skincare ingredients will enable you to know exactly which products to choose based on specific needs. Understanding what ingredients suit your skin type and needs better enables you to tailor an effective skincare routine that resolves any hydration concerns, anti-aging, repair, or treatment of acne for healthier and more radiant-looking skin.

Stanford Chemicals Company (SCC) has over 16 years of experience in the manufacture and sale of skin care and personal care ingredients. We offer skin care ingredient raw materials to meet a variety of skin care needs.

Table 1. List of Common Skincare Ingredients

The post Common Skin Care Ingredients You Need to Know appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

Polyglutamic Acid: The Most Effective Moisturizer

γ-Polyglutamic Acid (γ-PGA) is one of the few water-soluble polyamino acids that can be naturally produced by microbial fermentation. It is composed of D-glutamic acid and L-glutamic acid, linked together by γ-glutamyl bonds, forming a large polypeptide molecule with a molecular weight ranging from 10 to 2000 kDa.

γ-PGA was first discovered by Ivanovics in 1937. Since Bovarnick found in 1942 that γ-PGA could be freely secreted into the growth medium of Bacillus subtilis as a fermentation product, various bacillus species have been found to produce γ-PGA extracellularly.

The molecular chain of γ-PGA contains many free carboxyl groups (-COOH), amino groups (-NH-), and carbonyl groups (-CO). These structures contribute to its hydration capabilities, with the carboxyl group being particularly effective. Additionally, the presence of numerous hydrogen bonds between γ-PGA chains gives γ-PGA exceptional water retention and locking abilities.

Fig 1. Molecular structure of polyglutamic acid

–The Advantages of Polyglutamic Acid in Skincare

1. High-Efficiency Moisturizing

PGA has a natural water absorption capacity of up to 1180.4 times its weight, which is more than twice that of the widely recognized best moisturizer, hyaluronic acid (500 times). If PGA is further cross-linked and modified, it can form a hydrogel with a network molecular structure, reaching an astounding water absorption rate of 5000 times.

Fig 2. γ-PGA can effectively reduce epidermal water loss

2. Endogenous Enhancement of NMF Production in Skin

After PGA on the skin surface degrades into small molecular polymers, it can penetrate deep into the skin, inducing the synthesis of the natural moisturizing factor (NMF). By regulating and storing water, it helps maintain the moisture content between keratinocytes, naturally giving the skin a hydrated appearance.

Fig 3. Effect of γ-PGA on the proliferation of skin NMF

3. Inhibition of Tyrosinase Activity with Whitening Effects

Research shows that PGA of different molecular weights can inhibit tyrosinase activity in vitro. Higher molecular weight PGA has a better inhibitory effect on tyrosinase than lower molecular weight PGA. While its effect is not as pronounced as common whitening ingredients like kojic acid or vitamin C, PGA is non-irritating to the skin, making it suitable for long-term use. In addition to its powerful moisturizing properties, it can plump the skin and brighten the complexion, resulting in a comprehensive, healthy whitening effect.

4. Smooth and Refreshing Sensation

The amino acid units in PGA have a smaller molecular weight and are more skin-friendly. At the same solution concentration, the viscosity of polyglutamic acid is significantly lower than that of hyaluronic acid and collagen, reducing the sticky sensation and providing a clearer, more refreshing feel on the skin.

Additionally, PGA can chelate with metal ions, has good antibacterial properties, film-forming capabilities, strong smoothness, and slow-release abilities, making it an excellent ingredient in cosmetics to enhance and prolong moisturizing effects.

–Production Process of Polyglutamic Acid

There are three main production processes for polyglutamic acid:

• chemical synthesis (traditional peptide synthesis and dimer condensation)
• enzymatic conversion
• microbial fermentation

Due to the limitations of the first two methods, such as low yield, impure quality, operational difficulties, and high losses, the current mainstream method for synthesizing and producing γ-PGA is microbial fermentation, including both liquid and solid fermentation. Among these, liquid fermentation is the most widely used.

Fig 4. Production Process of Polyglutamic Acid

Polyglutamic Acid vs. Hyaluronic Acid

Polyglutamic acid has strong water retention and locking abilities, whereas hyaluronic acid, while also effective at hydrating, has relatively weaker water retention capabilities.

1. Better water absorption

Studies have shown that compared to hyaluronic acid and collagen, PGA can better prevent moisture loss from the skin over a longer period, improve skin elasticity, and provide long-lasting moisturizing effects superior to hyaluronic acid and collagen.

2. Better absorption and penetration

The amino acid structure of γ-PGA is very easily absorbed by the skin up to the basal layer of the skin. In terms of transdermal absorption, it is significantly better than molecules with a polysaccharide structure. Therefore, compared to Hyaluronic Acid, γ-PGA is significantly better in terms of moisturization after a few hours of use, and its long-lasting use can greatly improve the dryness of the skin.

Fig 5. Comparison of the penetration ability of polyglutamic acid and hyaluronic acid

3. Less sticky feeling

At the same solution concentration, the viscosity of polyglutamic acid is significantly lower than that of hyaluronic acid and collagen, reducing the sticky sensation and providing a clearer, more refreshing feel on the skin.

Table 1. Comparison of polyglutamic acid and hyaluronic acid

Case Study: Synergy of Polyglutamic Acid and Hyaluronic Acid

–The Challenge

Hyaluronic acid is a component of the skin’s structure that helps maintain hydration and elasticity. It is also a commonly used, highly effective moisturizing ingredient in skincare products. However, due to the presence of hyaluronidase in the skin, hyaluronic acid degrades quickly.

–The Solution

Polyglutamic acid (PGA) can effectively inhibit the activity of hyaluronidase. Research shows that different molecular weights of PGA exhibit inhibitory effects on hyaluronidase in vitro, with lower molecular weight PGA (100 kDa) demonstrating better inhibition.

Fig 6. Comparison of Polyglutamic Acid and Hyaluronic Acid Complex Effects

When polyglutamic acid and hyaluronic acid are used together, they can slow down the degradation of hyaluronic acid, synergistically enhancing long-lasting moisturizing effects, and effectively reducing the sticky sensation of hyaluronic acid, especially in facial mask products.

Conclusion

Polyglutamic acid has stronger water-absorbing, penetrating and moisturizing properties. It has a non-sticky texture, and when compounded with hyaluronic acid it also adds moisturization after the slippery feeling of HA is gone.

Stanford Chemical Company (SCC) has over 16 years of experience in the manufacture and sale of phytochemicals, pharmaceutical intermediates, catalysts, laboratory equipment and a variety of specialty fine chemicals. The company offers a variety of skin care ingredients such as polyglutamic acid, hyaluronic acid, collagen, salicylic acid, etc. If you need, you can visit our homepage or use the search box to find the product you need.

The post Polyglutamic Acid: A “Better Alternative” to Hyaluronic Acid for Moisturizing Power appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.

Understanding Hyaluronic Acid and Glycerin

–Hyaluronic Acid

If you’ve ever researched skincare ingredients, you have likely stumbled upon hyaluronic acid, also known as HA. Unlike most skincare ingredients, hyaluronic acid occurs in our skin. It is a sugar molecule that appears in the connective tissues of the body, eyes, and skin.

Benefits of Hyaluronic Acid:

• Powerful Moisturizer: HA has an intense capacity to attract and hold water, thus providing the skin with deep hydration.
• Improves Skin Elasticity: HA penetrates the dermis layer, which helps the skin retain elasticity. As a result, it tends to sag less and droop less often.
• Reduces Fine Lines and Wrinkles: Hyaluronic acid helps replenish skin moisture and maintain healthier skin barriers, and thereby, does an effective job of reducing the appearance of dry lines and fine wrinkles, offering some anti-aging benefits.
• Stimulates Skin Repair: Hyaluronic acid possesses anti-inflammatory properties, which can help in the process of skin repair and regeneration, thus reducing inflammation and irritation.
• Skin Barrier Protection: It forms a kind of barrier on the skin’s surface and inhibits water loss. It protects your skin from environmental damage, such as pollution and UV rays.

Besides skincare routines, hyaluronic acid is also valued in many medical and health fields due to its many properties, which can moisturize, lubricate, and repair. It provides lubrication to joints, helps reduce dry eyes, and speeds up the healing of wounds.

Fig 1. Comparison of skin effects before and after using hyaluronic acid

–Glycerin

Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is an odorless, colorless, thick liquid. It is the simplest form of polyol compound that occurs naturally in vegetable oils and animal fat. Glycerin exhibits strong hygroscopic activity by attracting moisture from the environment towards the skin and into it.

Benefits of Glycerin:

• Moisturizer: Glycerin prevents the skin from losing its moisture content. Dryness and rough skin are prevented by glycerin.
• Skin Repair: It repairs the skin barrier and therefore reduces dryness, flaking, and roughness. The overall skin health improves.
• Lubricating Effect: Glycerin possesses excellent lubricating properties; it reduces friction, hence soothing discomforts. It finds applications in skincare products and also in medical lubricants like oral ulcer protectants and lubricating eye drops.
• Promotes Wound Healing: Glycerin promotes wound healing due to its moisturizing action, which helps in maintaining a moist environment for wounds. This helps in faster healing of the wound and minimizes post-healing scar formation. This is the reason for its common inclusion in various ointments for wound care.

Hyaluronic Acid vs Glycerin: Differences in Hydration Mechanism and Effectiveness

Going back to the original question, as moisturizing ingredients, how do their hydration mechanisms and effectiveness differ?

–Hydration Mechanism

Hyaluronic acid can provide a barrier layer to the skin mainly because of its larger molecular structure, the molecule forms a locked structure that holds moisture. It can also be penetrated into the skin to absorb atmospheric moisture. The absorption and moisturizing effects of hyaluronic acid vary depending on its molecular weight. High-molecular-weight HA keeps itself at the surface of the skin to afford immediate hydration, whereas low-molecular-weight HA goes deeper into the skin and can provide longer-lasting hydration.

Glycerin, as a humectant, absorbs moisture from the environment and draws it into the skin layers, while also preventing water loss. Glycerin has good penetration, reaching into the stratum corneum to help keep the skin soft and supple.

–Hydration Effectiveness

Studies have compared the water absorption and retention capabilities of hyaluronic acid and glycerin (see Figures 2 and 3).

Fig 2. Relationship between water absorption of polysaccharides and time

Fig 3. Relationship between the moisture retention of polysaccharides and time

Based on these experimental results, hyaluronic acid may not have the best moisture absorption, but it excels in moisture retention. Conversely, glycerin is excellent at absorbing moisture but not as effective at retaining it. Therefore, if you want to keep your skin hydrated over the long term and improve its moisturizing capacity, products containing hyaluronic acid are the better choice.

Additionally, glycerin can sometimes feel sticky and “heavy” on the skin, making it less suitable for oily or acne-prone skin types. Hyaluronic acid, on the other hand, is lightweight and non-sticky, making it the ideal moisturizer for oily skin types.

Conclusion

Though hyaluronic acid and glycerin both offer merits, their choice depends upon your skin type and specific needs. Hyaluronic acid is perfect for those seeking deep, long-lasting hydration without the feeling of heaviness. Not only does hyaluronic acid hydrate the skin, but it also improves elasticity, decreases fine lines, and generally keeps the skin in good health.

Glycerin works better just for hydration and barrier repair and is also generally more suitable for dry or sensitive skin. Both of these ingredients may play a beneficial role in a skincare routine, yet the differences between them might help you decide on your particular skin concerns.

Stanford Chemical Company (SCC) is a premium supplier specializing in sodium hyaluronate powder. Our product range includes:

• Cosmetic Grade Hyaluronic Acid
• Food-Grade Hyaluronic Acid
• Injection Grade Hyaluronic Acid
• Medical Grade Hyaluronic Acid
• Zinc Hyaluronate

Our sodium hyaluronate powder is Ecocert certified and produced under strict ISO 9001 and GMP standards. All products are fermentation-based, non-animal origin, non-GMO, and carry no BSE/TSE risk.

Related articles:

High VS. Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid

Top 10 Benefits of Hyaluronic Acid

Reference:

[1] Gao Ruiying, Zhang Xiuyu, Mu Dan, Fu Zhong. Determination of moisture absorption and moisturizing properties of hyaluronic acid and other bioactive polysaccharides for cosmetics [J]. Guangdong Chemical Industry, 2009, 36(10): 230-232

The post Hyaluronic Acid vs Glycerin: Which is More Hydrating appeared first on Stanford Chemicals.