Bismuth Subsalicylate Introduction

Bismuth subsalicylate, sold as generic and under the brand name Pepto-Bismol and BisBacter, is an antacid elixir medication used to treat temporary discomforts of the stomach and gastrointestinal tracts, such as nausea, heartburn, indigestion, upset stomach, and diarrhea. It is also commonly known as pink bismuth, but Pepto-Bismol has become a genericized trademark for the substance.

Bismuth subsalicylate has the empirical chemical formula of C7H5BiO4, and it is a colloidal substance obtained by hydrolysis of bismuth salicylate (Bi(C6H4(OH)CO2)3). ​In the gastrointestinal tract, Bismuth Subsalicylate is converted to salicylic acid and insoluble bismuth salts.

Bismuth Subsalicylate Functions

• Relieves indigestion
• Relieves diarrhea
• Treats acid reflux
• Relieves heartburn and stomach pain

Bismuth Subsalicylate Mechanism of Action

• Protects the stomach lining: Bismuth subsalicylate forms a protective layer on the surface of the stomach lining, reducing irritation from stomach acid and other digestive enzymes.
• Antibacterial properties: It acts mildly on antibacterial activity, especially inhibiting Helicobacter pylori-the causative bacterium for stomach ulcers.
• Reduces inflammation: It inhibits the production of mediators of inflammation, hence aiding in reducing gastrointestinal inflammation and its symptoms.
• Absorbs toxins: It helps in absorbing toxins and pathogens in the intestines, thereby helping in reducing diarrhea.

Bismuth Subsalicylate Applications

Bismuth subsalicylate is used to treat diarrhea in adults and teenagers. It is also used to relieve the symptoms of an upset stomach, such as heartburn, indigestion, and nausea in adults and teenagers.

• Treats and alleviates mild diarrhea, especially traveler’s diarrhea
• Relieves gastrointestinal discomfort caused by indigestion or acid reflux
• Used as an adjunct therapy for Helicobacter pylori infections